usr/Find-Links.ps1
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using namespace System.IO using namespace System.Runtime.InteropServices # fsutil hardlink list C:\Windows\notepad.exe function Find-Links { <# .SYNOPSIS Reports the file index and any hard links that exist for specified file. .DESCRIPTION A hard link is the file system representation of a file by which more than one path references a single file in the same volume. A file's data remains allocated so long as at it has at least one file name referencing it. To create a hard link, use the CreateHardLink WinAPI function and DeleteFile to remove it. .PARAMETER Path Specifies a file location. Wildcards are accepted. .EXAMPLE Find-Links C:\Windows\regedit.exe .INPUTS System.String .OUTPUTS System.Array .NOTES The closest possible alternative for hard link creation is fsutil.exe system utility. Also it can be used to enumerate hard links of a file. #> [CmdletBinding()] param( [Parameter(Mandatory)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [ValidateScript({!!($script:f = Get-Item $_ -ErrorAction 0)})] [SupportsWildcards()] [String]$Path ) begin { New-Structure BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION { UInt32 dwFileAttributes Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ftCreationTime Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ftLastAccessTime Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ftLastWriteTime UInt32 dwVolumeSerialNumber UInt32 nFileSizeHigh UInt32 nFileSizeLow UInt32 nNumberOfLinks UInt32 nFileIndexHigh UInt32 nFileIndexLow } -PackingSize Size4 $out_ = [BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION].MakeByRefType() New-Delegate kernelbase { bool FindClose([ptr]) ptr FindFirstFileNameW([buf, uint, uint_, buf]) bool FindNextFileNameW([ptr, uint_, buf]) bool GetFileInformationByHandle([ptr, _out_]) } New-Delegate ntdll { ptr RtlGetCurrentPeb } } process {} end { $BitField = ConvertTo-BitMap -Value ([Marshal]::ReadByte($ntdll.RtlGetCurrentPeb.Invoke(), 0x03)) -BitMap { ImageUsesLargePages : 1 IsProtectedProcess : 1 IsImageDynamicallyRelocated : 1 SkipPatchingUser32Forwarders : 1 IsPackagedProcess : 1 IsAppContainer : 1 IsProtectedProcessLight : 1 IsLongPathAwareProcess : 1 } $buf = [Byte[]]::new($BitField.IsLongPathAwareProcess -eq 0 ? 0x0104 : 0x7FFF) $ret = $buf.Length try { $sfh = [File]::Open($f.FullName, [FileMode]::Open, [FileAccess]::Read, [FileShare]::Read) $out = [BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION]::new() if (!$kernelbase.GetFileInformationByHandle.Invoke($sfh.Handle, [ref]$out)) { throw [InvalidOperationException]::new('Cannot retrieve file information.') } if (($nl = $out.nNumberOfLinks) -le 1) { throw [InvalidOperationException]::new('File has not hard links.') } $fff = $kernelbase.FindFirstFileNameW.Invoke([buf].Uni($f.FullName), 0, [ref]$ret, $buf) $chr = "$([Char]32)`u{251C}", "$([Char]32)`u{2514}" "`e[7m$($f.FullName) (index: 0x$($out.nFileIndexLow.ToString('X8')), links: $nl)`e[0m" do { "$(--$nl -ne 0 ? $chr[0] : $chr[1])$([buf].StrU($buf))" $buf.Clear() # releasing artifacts $ret = $buf.Length } while ($kernelbase.FindNextFileNameW.Invoke($fff, [ref]$ret, $buf)) } catch { Write-Verbose $_ } finally { if ($fff) { if (!$kernelbase.FindClose.Invoke($fff)) { Write-Verbose 'Resourses has not been released.' } } if ($sfh) { $sfh.Dispose() } } } } Export-ModuleMember -Function Find-Links |