functions/Test-DbaDbCompression.ps1
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function Test-DbaDbCompression { <# .SYNOPSIS Returns tables and indexes with preferred compression setting. .DESCRIPTION This function returns the results of a full table/index compression analysis and the estimated, best option to date for either NONE, Page, or Row Compression. Remember Uptime is critical, the longer uptime, the more accurate the analysis is, and it would be best if you utilized Get-DbaUptime first, before running this command. Test-DbaDbCompression script derived from GitHub and the Tiger Team's repository: (https://github.com/Microsoft/tigertoolbox/tree/master/Evaluate-Compression-Gains) In the output, you will find the following information: - Column Percent_Update shows the percentage of update operations on a specific table, index, or partition, relative to total operations on that object. The lower the percentage of Updates (that is, the table, index, or partition is infrequently updated), the better candidate it is for page compression. - Column Percent_Scan shows the percentage of scan operations on a table, index, or partition, relative to total operations on that object. The higher the value of Scan (that is, the table, index, or partition is mostly scanned), the better candidate it is for page compression. - Column Compression_Type_Recommendation can have four possible outputs indicating where there is most gain, if any: 'PAGE', 'ROW', 'NO_GAIN' or '?'. When the output is '?' this approach could not give a recommendation, so as a rule of thumb I would lean to ROW if the object suffers mainly UPDATES, or PAGE if mainly INSERTS, but this is where knowing your workload is essential. When the output is 'NO_GAIN' well, that means that according to sp_estimate_data_compression_savings no space gains will be attained when compressing, as in the above output example, where compressing would grow the affected object. This script will execute on the context of the current database. Also be aware that this may take a while to execute on large objects, because if the IS locks taken by the sp_estimate_data_compression_savings cannot be honored, the SP will be blocked. It only considers Row or Page Compression (not column compression) It only evaluates User Tables .PARAMETER SqlInstance The target SQL Server instance or instances. This can be a collection and receive pipeline input to allow the function to be executed against multiple SQL Server instances. .PARAMETER SqlCredential Login to the target instance using alternative credentials. Accepts PowerShell credentials (Get-Credential). Windows Authentication, SQL Server Authentication, Active Directory - Password, and Active Directory - Integrated are all supported. For MFA support, please use Connect-DbaInstance. .PARAMETER Database The database(s) to process - this list is auto-populated from the server. If unspecified, all databases will be processed. .PARAMETER ExcludeDatabase The database(s) to exclude - this list is auto-populated from the server .PARAMETER Schema Filter to only get specific schemas If unspecified, all schemas will be processed. .PARAMETER Table Filter to only get specific tables If unspecified, all User tables will be processed. .PARAMETER ResultSize Allows you to limit the number of results returned, as some systems can have very large number of tables. Default value is no restriction. .PARAMETER Rank Allows you to specify the field used for ranking when determining the ResultSize Can be either TotalPages, UsedPages or TotalRows with default of TotalPages. Only applies when ResultSize is used. .PARAMETER FilterBy Allows you to specify level of filtering when determining the ResultSize Can be at either Table, Index or Partition level with default of Partition. Only applies when ResultSize is used. .PARAMETER EnableException By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message. This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting. Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch. .INPUTS Accepts a DbaInstanceParameter. Any collection of SQL Server Instance names or SMO objects can be piped to command. .OUTPUTS Returns a PsCustomObject with following fields: ComputerName, InstanceName, SqlInstance, Database, IndexName, Partition, IndexID, PercentScan, PercentUpdate, RowEstimatePercentOriginal, PageEstimatePercentOriginal, CompressionTypeRecommendation, SizeCurrent, SizeRequested, PercentCompression .NOTES Tags: Compression, Table Author: Jason Squires (@js_0505), jstexasdba@gmail.com Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (c) 2018 by dbatools, licensed under MIT License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT .LINK https://dbatools.io/Test-DbaDbCompression .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance localhost Returns results of all potential compression options for all databases for the default instance on the local host. Returns a recommendation of either Page, Row or NO_GAIN .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance ServerA Returns results of all potential compression options for all databases on the instance ServerA .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance ServerA -Database DBName | Out-GridView Returns results of all potential compression options for a single database DBName with the recommendation of either Page or Row or NO_GAIN in a nicely formatted GridView .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $cred = Get-Credential sqladmin PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance ServerA -ExcludeDatabase MyDatabase -SqlCredential $cred Returns results of all potential compression options for all databases except MyDatabase on instance ServerA using SQL credentials to authentication to ServerA. Returns the recommendation of either Page, Row or NO_GAIN .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance ServerA -Schema Test -Table MyTable Returns results of all potential compression options for the Table Test.MyTable in instance ServerA on ServerA and ServerB. Returns the recommendation of either Page, Row or NO_GAIN. Returns a result for each partition of any Heap, Clustered or NonClustered index. .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance ServerA, ServerB -ResultSize 10 Returns results of all potential compression options for all databases on ServerA and ServerB. Returns the recommendation of either Page, Row or NO_GAIN. Returns results for the top 10 partitions by TotalPages used per database. .EXAMPLE PS C:\> ServerA | Test-DbaDbCompression -Schema Test -ResultSize 10 -Rank UsedPages -FilterBy Table Returns results of all potential compression options for all databases on ServerA containing a schema Test Returns results for the top 10 Tables by Used Pages per database. Results are split by Table, Index and Partition so more than 10 results may be returned. .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $servers = 'Server1','Server2' PS C:\> $servers | Test-DbaDbCompression -Database DBName | Out-GridView Returns results of all potential compression options for a single database DBName on Server1 or Server2 Returns the recommendation of either Page, Row or NO_GAIN in a nicely formatted GridView .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $cred = Get-Credential sqladmin PS C:\> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance ServerA -Database MyDB -SqlCredential $cred -Schema Test -Table Test1, Test2 Returns results of all potential compression options for objects in Database MyDb on instance ServerA using SQL credentials to authentication to ServerA. Returns the recommendation of either Page, Row or NO_GAIN for tables with Schema Test and name in Test1 or Test2 .EXAMPLE PS C:\> $servers = 'Server1','Server2' PS C:\> foreach ($svr in $servers) { >> Test-DbaDbCompression -SqlInstance $svr | Export-Csv -Path C:\temp\CompressionAnalysisPAC.csv -Append >> } This produces a full analysis of all your servers listed and is pushed to a csv for you to analyze. #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "Default")] param ( [parameter(Mandatory, ValueFromPipeline)] [DbaInstanceParameter[]]$SqlInstance, [PSCredential]$SqlCredential, [string[]]$Database, [string[]]$ExcludeDatabase, [string[]]$Schema, [string[]]$Table, [int]$ResultSize, [ValidateSet('TotalPages', 'UsedPages', 'TotalRows')] [string]$Rank = 'TotalPages', [ValidateSet('Partition', 'Index', 'Table')] [string]$FilterBy = 'Partition', [switch]$EnableException ) begin { Write-Message -Level System -Message "Bound parameters: $($PSBoundParameters.Keys -join ", ")" if ($Schema) { $sqlSchemaWhere = "AND s.name IN ('$($Schema -join "','")')" } if ($Table) { $sqlTableWhere = "AND t.name IN ('$($Table -join "','")')" } if ($ResultSize) { $sqlOrderBy = switch ($Rank) { UsedPages { 'UsedSpaceKB' } TotalRows { 'RowCounts' } default { 'TotalSpaceKB' } } if ($FilterBy -eq 'Table') { $sqlJoinFiltered = 'AND t.TableName = tdc.TableName COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT' $indexSQL = '0 as [IndexID]' $partitionSQL = '0 AS [Partition]' $groupBySQL = 's.Name, t.Name' } elseif ($FilterBy -eq 'Index') { $sqlJoinFiltered = 'AND t.TableName = tdc.TableName COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AND t.IndexID = tdc.IndexID' $indexSQL = 'i.index_id as [IndexID]' $partitionSQL = '0 AS [Partition]' $groupBySQL = 's.Name, t.Name, i.index_id' } else { $sqlJoinFiltered = 'AND t.TableName = tdc.TableName COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AND t.IndexID = tdc.IndexID AND t.[Partition] = tdc.[Partition]' $indexSQL = 'i.index_id as [IndexID]' $partitionSQL = 'p.partition_number AS [Partition]' $groupBySQL = 's.Name, t.Name, i.index_id, p.partition_number' } $sqlRestrict = "-- remove tables not in Top N With TopN(SchemaName, TableName, IndexID, [Partition], RowCounts, TotalSpaceKB, UsedSpaceKB) as ( SELECT TOP $ResultSize s.Name AS SchemaName, t.NAME as TableName, $indexSQL, $partitionSQL, SUM(p.rows) AS RowCounts, SUM(a.total_pages) * 8 AS TotalSpaceKB, SUM(a.used_pages) * 8 AS UsedSpaceKB FROM sys.tables t INNER JOIN sys.indexes i ON t.OBJECT_ID = i.object_id INNER JOIN sys.partitions p ON i.object_id = p.OBJECT_ID AND i.index_id = p.index_id INNER JOIN sys.allocation_units a ON p.partition_id = a.container_id LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id WHERE objectproperty(t.object_id, 'IsUserTable') = 1 AND p.data_compression_desc = 'NONE' AND p.rows > 0 $sqlSchemaWhere $sqlTableWhere GROUP BY $groupBySQL ORDER BY $sqlOrderBy Desc ) DELETE tdc FROM ##TestDbaCompression tdc LEFT JOIN TopN t ON t.SchemaName = tdc.[Schema] COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT $sqlJoinFiltered WHERE t.IndexID IS NULL;" } } process { foreach ($instance in $SqlInstance) { try { $server = Connect-DbaInstance -SqlInstance $instance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential -MinimumVersion 10 } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Failure" -Category ConnectionError -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $instance -Continue } $Server.ConnectionContext.StatementTimeout = 0 $sqlVersion = $(Get-DbaBuild -SqlInstance $server).Build.Major $sqlVersionRestrictions = @() if ($sqlVersion -ge 12) { $sqlVersionRestrictions += " BEGIN -- remove memory optimized tables DELETE tdc FROM ##TestDbaCompression tdc INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) = tdc.[Schema] COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AND t.name = tdc.TableName COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT WHERE t.is_memory_optimized = 1 END" } if ($sqlVersion -ge 13) { $sqlVersionRestrictions += " BEGIN -- remove tables with encrypted columns DELETE tdc FROM ##TestDbaCompression tdc INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) = tdc.[Schema] COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AND t.name = tdc.TableName COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT INNER JOIN sys.columns c ON t.object_id = c.object_id WHERE encryption_type IS NOT NULL END" } if ($sqlVersion -ge 14) { $sqlVersionRestrictions += " BEGIN -- remove graph (node/edge) tables DELETE tdc FROM ##TestDbaCompression tdc INNER JOIN sys.tables t ON tdc.[Schema] = SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT AND tdc.TableName = t.name COLLATE DATABASE_DEFAULT WHERE (is_node = 1 OR is_edge = 1) END" } $sql = "SET NOCOUNT ON; IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##TestDbaCompression', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE ##TestDbaCompression IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##tmpEstimateRow', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE ##tmpEstimateRow IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##tmpEstimatePage', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE ##tmpEstimatePage CREATE TABLE ##TestDbaCompression ( [Schema] SYSNAME ,[TableName] SYSNAME ,[ObjectId] INT ,[IndexName] SYSNAME NULL ,[Partition] INT ,[IndexID] INT ,[IndexType] VARCHAR(25) ,[PercentScan] SMALLINT ,[PercentUpdate] SMALLINT ,[RowEstimatePercentOriginal] BIGINT ,[PageEstimatePercentOriginal] BIGINT ,[CompressionTypeRecommendation] VARCHAR(7) ,SizeCurrent BIGINT ,SizeRequested BIGINT ,PercentCompression NUMERIC(10, 2) ); CREATE TABLE ##tmpEstimateRow ( objname SYSNAME ,schname SYSNAME ,indid INT ,partnr INT ,SizeCurrent BIGINT ,SizeRequested BIGINT ,SampleCurrent BIGINT ,SampleRequested BIGINT ); CREATE TABLE ##tmpEstimatePage ( objname SYSNAME ,schname SYSNAME ,indid INT ,partnr INT ,SizeCurrent BIGINT ,SizeRequested BIGINT ,SampleCurrent BIGINT ,SampleRequested BIGINT ); INSERT INTO ##TestDbaCompression ( [Schema] ,[TableName] ,[ObjectId] ,[IndexName] ,[Partition] ,[IndexID] ,[IndexType] ,[PercentScan] ,[PercentUpdate] ) SELECT s.NAME AS [Schema] ,t.NAME AS [TableName] ,t.OBJECT_ID AS [OBJECTID] ,x.NAME AS [IndexName] ,p.partition_number AS [Partition] ,x.Index_ID AS [IndexID] ,x.type_desc AS [IndexType] ,NULL AS [PercentScan] ,NULL AS [PercentUpdate] FROM sys.tables t INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id INNER JOIN sys.indexes x ON x.object_id = t.object_id INNER JOIN sys.partitions p ON x.object_id = p.object_id AND x.Index_ID = p.Index_ID WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(t.object_id, 'IsUserTable') = 1 AND p.data_compression_desc = 'NONE' AND p.rows > 0 $sqlSchemaWhere $sqlTableWhere ORDER BY [TableName] ASC; $sqlRestrict BEGIN -- remove any tables with sparse columns DELETE tdc FROM ##TestDbaCompression tdc INNER JOIN sys.columns c on tdc.ObjectId = c.object_id WHERE c. is_sparse = 1 END $sqlVersionRestrictions DECLARE @schema SYSNAME ,@tbname SYSNAME ,@ixid INT DECLARE cur CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT [Schema] ,[TableName] ,[IndexID] FROM ##TestDbaCompression OPEN cur FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @schema ,@tbname ,@ixid WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN DECLARE @sqlcmd NVARCHAR(500) SET @sqlcmd = 'EXEC sp_estimate_data_compression_savings ''' + @schema + ''', ''' + @tbname + ''', ''' + cast(@ixid AS VARCHAR) + ''', NULL, ''ROW'''; INSERT INTO ##tmpEstimateRow ( objname ,schname ,indid ,partnr ,SizeCurrent ,SizeRequested ,SampleCurrent ,SampleRequested ) EXECUTE sp_executesql @sqlcmd SET @sqlcmd = 'EXEC sp_estimate_data_compression_savings ''' + @schema + ''', ''' + @tbname + ''', ''' + cast(@ixid AS VARCHAR) + ''', NULL, ''PAGE'''; INSERT INTO ##tmpEstimatePage ( objname ,schname ,indid ,partnr ,SizeCurrent ,SizeRequested ,SampleCurrent ,SampleRequested ) EXECUTE sp_executesql @sqlcmd FETCH NEXT FROM cur INTO @schema ,@tbname ,@ixid END CLOSE cur DEALLOCATE cur; --Update usage and partition_number - If database was restore the sys.dm_db_index_operational_stats will be empty until tables have accesses. Executing the sp_estimate_data_compression_savings first will make those entries appear UPDATE ##TestDbaCompression SET [PercentScan] = case when (i.range_scan_count + i.leaf_insert_count + i.leaf_delete_count + i.leaf_update_count + i.leaf_page_merge_count + i.singleton_lookup_count) = 0 THEN 0 ELSE i.range_scan_count * 100.0 / NULLIF((i.range_scan_count + i.leaf_insert_count + i.leaf_delete_count + i.leaf_update_count + i.leaf_page_merge_count + i.singleton_lookup_count), 0) END ,[PercentUpdate] = case when (i.range_scan_count + i.leaf_insert_count + i.leaf_delete_count + i.leaf_update_count + i.leaf_page_merge_count + i.singleton_lookup_count) = 0 THEN 0 ELSE i.leaf_update_count * 100.0 / NULLIF((i.range_scan_count + i.leaf_insert_count + i.leaf_delete_count + i.leaf_update_count + i.leaf_page_merge_count + i.singleton_lookup_count), 0) END FROM sys.dm_db_index_operational_stats(db_id(), NULL, NULL, NULL) i INNER JOIN ##TestDbaCompression tmp ON tmp.ObjectId = i.object_id AND tmp.IndexID = i.index_id; WITH tmp_cte ( objname ,schname ,indid ,partnr ,pct_of_orig_row ,pct_of_orig_page ,SizeCurrent ,SizeRequested ) AS ( SELECT tr.objname ,tr.schname ,tr.indid ,tr.partnr ,(tr.SampleRequested * 100) / CASE WHEN tr.SampleCurrent = 0 THEN 1 ELSE tr.SampleCurrent END AS pct_of_orig_row ,(tp.SampleRequested * 100) / CASE WHEN tp.SampleCurrent = 0 THEN 1 ELSE tp.SampleCurrent END AS pct_of_orig_page ,tr.SizeCurrent ,tr.SizeRequested FROM ##tmpEstimateRow tr INNER JOIN ##tmpEstimatePage tp ON tr.objname = tp.objname AND tr.schname = tp.schname AND tr.indid = tp.indid AND tr.partnr = tp.partnr ) UPDATE ##TestDbaCompression SET [RowEstimatePercentOriginal] = tcte.pct_of_orig_row ,[PageEstimatePercentOriginal] = tcte.pct_of_orig_page ,SizeCurrent = tcte.SizeCurrent ,SizeRequested = tcte.SizeRequested ,PercentCompression = 100 - (cast(tcte.[SizeRequested] AS NUMERIC(21, 2)) * 100 / (tcte.[SizeCurrent] - ABS(SIGN(tcte.[SizeCurrent])) + 1)) FROM tmp_cte tcte ,##TestDbaCompression tcomp WHERE tcte.objname = tcomp.TableName AND tcte.schname = tcomp.[Schema] AND tcte.indid = tcomp.IndexID AND tcte.partnr = tcomp.Partition; WITH tmp_cte2 ( TableName ,[Schema] ,IndexID ,[CompressionTypeRecommendation] ) AS ( SELECT TableName ,[Schema] ,IndexID ,CASE WHEN [RowEstimatePercentOriginal] >= 100 AND [PageEstimatePercentOriginal] >= 100 THEN 'NO_GAIN' WHEN [PercentUpdate] >= 10 THEN 'ROW' WHEN [PercentScan] <= 1 AND [PercentUpdate] <= 1 AND [RowEstimatePercentOriginal] < [PageEstimatePercentOriginal] THEN 'ROW' WHEN [PercentScan] <= 1 AND [PercentUpdate] <= 1 AND [RowEstimatePercentOriginal] > [PageEstimatePercentOriginal] THEN 'PAGE' WHEN [PercentScan] >= 60 AND [PercentUpdate] <= 5 THEN 'PAGE' WHEN [PercentScan] <= 35 AND [PercentUpdate] <= 5 THEN '?' ELSE 'ROW' END FROM ##TestDbaCompression ) UPDATE ##TestDbaCompression SET [CompressionTypeRecommendation] = tcte2.[CompressionTypeRecommendation] FROM tmp_cte2 tcte2 ,##TestDbaCompression tcomp2 WHERE tcte2.TableName = tcomp2.TableName AND tcte2.[Schema] = tcomp2.[Schema] AND tcte2.IndexID = tcomp2.IndexID; SET NOCOUNT ON; SELECT DBName = DB_Name() ,[Schema] ,[TableName] ,[IndexName] ,[Partition] ,[IndexID] ,[IndexType] ,[PercentScan] ,[PercentUpdate] ,[RowEstimatePercentOriginal] ,[PageEstimatePercentOriginal] ,[CompressionTypeRecommendation] ,SizeCurrentKB = [SizeCurrent] ,SizeRequestedKB = [SizeRequested] ,PercentCompression FROM ##TestDbaCompression; IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##TestDbaCompression', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE ##TestDbaCompression IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##tmpEstimateRow', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE ##tmpEstimateRow IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..##tmpEstimatePage', 'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE ##tmpEstimatePage; " Write-Message -Level Debug -Message "SQL Statement: $sql" [long]$instanceVersionNumber = $($server.VersionString).Replace(".", "") #If SQL Server 2016 SP1 (13.0.4001.0) or higher every version supports compression. if ($server.EngineEdition -ne "EnterpriseOrDeveloper" -and $instanceVersionNumber -lt 13040010) { Stop-Function -Message "Compression before SQLServer 2016 SP1 (13.0.4001.0) is only supported by enterprise, developer or evaluation edition. $server has version $($server.VersionString) and edition is $($server.EngineEdition)." -Target $db -Continue } #Filter Database list try { $dbs = $server.Databases | Where-Object IsAccessible if ($Database) { $dbs = $dbs | Where-Object { $Database -contains $_.Name -and $_.IsSystemObject -eq 0 } } else { $dbs = $dbs | Where-Object { $_.IsSystemObject -eq 0 } } if (Test-Bound "ExcludeDatabase") { $dbs = $dbs | Where-Object Name -NotIn $ExcludeDatabase } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Unable to gather list of databases for $instance" -Target $instance -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } foreach ($db in $dbs) { try { $dbCompatibilityLevel = [int]($db.CompatibilityLevel.ToString().Replace('Version', '')) Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Querying $instance - $db" if ($db.status -ne 'Normal' -or $db.IsAccessible -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "$db is not accessible." -Target $db Continue } if ($dbCompatibilityLevel -lt 100) { Stop-Function -Message "$db has a compatibility level lower than Version100 and will be skipped." -Target $db -Continue Continue } #Execute query against individual database and add to output foreach ($row in ($server.Query($sql, $db.Name))) { [PSCustomObject]@{ ComputerName = $server.ComputerName InstanceName = $server.ServiceName SqlInstance = $server.DomainInstanceName Database = $row.DBName Schema = $row.Schema TableName = $row.TableName IndexName = $row.IndexName Partition = $row.Partition IndexID = $row.IndexID IndexType = $row.IndexType PercentScan = $row.PercentScan PercentUpdate = $row.PercentUpdate RowEstimatePercentOriginal = $row.RowEstimatePercentOriginal PageEstimatePercentOriginal = $row.PageEstimatePercentOriginal CompressionTypeRecommendation = $row.CompressionTypeRecommendation SizeCurrent = [DbaSize]($row.SizeCurrentKB * 1024) SizeRequested = [DbaSize]($row.SizeRequestedKB * 1024) PercentCompression = $row.PercentCompression } } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Unable to query $instance - $db" -Target $db -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } } } } } # 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