functions/Resolve-DbaNetworkName.ps1
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function Resolve-DbaNetworkName { <# .SYNOPSIS Returns information about the network connection of the target computer including NetBIOS name, IP Address, domain name and fully qualified domain name (FQDN). .DESCRIPTION Retrieves the IPAddress, ComputerName from one computer. The object can be used to take action against its name or IPAddress. First ICMP is used to test the connection, and get the connected IPAddress. Multiple protocols (e.g. WMI, CIM, etc) are attempted before giving up. Important: Remember that FQDN doesn't always match "ComputerName dot Domain" as AD intends. There are network setup (google "disjoint domain") where AD and DNS do not match. "Full computer name" (as reported by sysdm.cpl) is the only match between the two, and it matches the "DNSHostName" property of the computer object stored in AD. This means that the notation of FQDN that matches "ComputerName dot Domain" is incorrect in those scenarios. In other words, the "suffix" of the FQDN CAN be different from the AD Domain. This cmdlet has been providing good results since its inception but for lack of useful names some doubts may arise. Let this clear the doubts: - InputName: whatever has been passed in - ComputerName: hostname only - IPAddress: IP Address - DNSHostName: hostname only, coming strictly from DNS (as reported from the calling computer) - DNSDomain: domain only, coming strictly from DNS (as reported from the calling computer) - Domain: domain only, coming strictly from AD (i.e. the domain the ComputerName is joined to) - DNSHostEntry: Fully name as returned by DNS [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry - FQDN: "legacy" notation of ComputerName "dot" Domain (coming from AD) - FullComputerName: Full name as configured from within the Computer (i.e. the only secure match between AD and DNS) So, if you need to use something, go with FullComputerName, always, as it is the most correct in every scenario. .PARAMETER ComputerName The target SQL Server instance or instances. This can be the name of a computer, a SMO object, an IP address or a SQL Instance. .PARAMETER Credential Credential object used to connect to the SQL Server as a different user .PARAMETER Turbo Resolves without accessing the server itself. Faster but may be less accurate because it relies on DNS only, so it may fail spectacularly for disjoin-domain setups. Also, everyone has its own DNS (i.e. results may vary changing the computer where the function runs) .PARAMETER EnableException By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message. This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting. Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch. .NOTES Tags: Network, Resolve Author: Klaas Vandenberghe (@PowerDBAKlaas) | Simone Bizzotto (@niphold) Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (c) 2018 by dbatools, licensed under MIT License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT .LINK https://dbatools.io/Resolve-DbaNetworkName .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Resolve-DbaNetworkName -ComputerName ServerA Returns a custom object displaying InputName, ComputerName, IPAddress, DNSHostName, DNSDomain, Domain, DNSHostEntry, FQDN, DNSHostEntry for ServerA .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Resolve-DbaNetworkName -SqlInstance sql2016\sqlexpress Returns a custom object displaying InputName, ComputerName, IPAddress, DNSHostName, DNSDomain, Domain, DNSHostEntry, FQDN, DNSHostEntry for the SQL instance sql2016\sqlexpress .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Resolve-DbaNetworkName -SqlInstance sql2016\sqlexpress, sql2014 Returns a custom object displaying InputName, ComputerName, IPAddress, DNSHostName, DNSDomain, Domain, DNSHostEntry, FQDN, DNSHostEntry for the SQL instance sql2016\sqlexpress and sql2014 .EXAMPLE PS C:\> Get-DbaCmsRegServer -SqlInstance sql2014 | Resolve-DbaNetworkName Returns a custom object displaying InputName, ComputerName, IPAddress, DNSHostName, Domain, FQDN for all SQL Servers returned by Get-DbaCmsRegServer #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [parameter(ValueFromPipeline)] [Alias('cn', 'host', 'ServerInstance', 'Server', 'SqlInstance')] [DbaInstanceParameter[]]$ComputerName = $env:COMPUTERNAME, [PSCredential] $Credential, [Alias('FastParrot')] [switch]$Turbo, [Alias('Silent')] [switch]$EnableException ) process { foreach ($Computer in $ComputerName) { $conn = $ipaddress = $null $OGComputer = $Computer if ($Computer.IsLocalhost) { $Computer = $env:COMPUTERNAME } else { $Computer = $Computer.ComputerName } if ($Turbo) { try { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Resolving $Computer using .NET.Dns GetHostEntry" $ipaddress = ([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($Computer)).AddressList[0].IPAddressToString Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Resolving $ipaddress using .NET.Dns GetHostByAddress" $fqdn = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostByAddress($ipaddress).HostName } catch { try { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Resolving $Computer and IP using .NET.Dns GetHostEntry" $resolved = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($Computer) $ipaddress = $resolved.AddressList[0].IPAddressToString $fqdn = $resolved.HostName } catch { Stop-Function -Message "DNS name not found" -Continue -InnerErrorRecord $_ } } if ($fqdn -notmatch "\.") { if ($computer.ComputerName -match "\.") { $dnsdomain = $computer.ComputerName.Substring($computer.ComputerName.IndexOf(".") + 1) $fqdn = "$resolved.$dnsdomain" } else { $dnsdomain = "$env:USERDNSDOMAIN".ToLower() if ($dnsdomain -match "\.") { $fqdn = "$fqdn.$dnsdomain" } } } $hostname = $fqdn.Split(".")[0] [PSCustomObject]@{ InputName = $OGComputer ComputerName = $hostname.ToUpper() IPAddress = $ipaddress DNSHostname = $hostname DNSDomain = $fqdn.Replace("$hostname.", "") Domain = $fqdn.Replace("$hostname.", "") DNSHostEntry = $fqdn FQDN = $fqdn FullComputerName = $fqdn } } else { try { $ipaddress = ((Test-Connection -ComputerName $Computer -Count 1 -ErrorAction Stop).Ipv4Address).IPAddressToString } catch { try { if ($env:USERDNSDOMAIN) { $ipaddress = ((Test-Connection -ComputerName "$Computer.$env:USERDNSDOMAIN" -Count 1 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue).Ipv4Address).IPAddressToString $Computer = "$Computer.$env:USERDNSDOMAIN" } } catch { $Computer = $OGComputer $ipaddress = ([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($Computer)).AddressList[0].IPAddressToString } } if ($ipaddress) { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "IP Address from $Computer is $ipaddress" } else { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "No IP Address returned from $Computer" Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Using .NET.Dns to resolve IP Address" return (Resolve-DbaNetworkName -ComputerName $Computer -Turbo) } if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -gt 2) { Write-Message -Level System -Message "Your PowerShell Version is $($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major)" try { try { # if an alias (CNAME) is passed we should try to connect to the A name via CIM or WinRM $ComputerNameIP = ([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($Computer)).AddressList[0].IPAddressToString $RemoteComputer = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostByAddress($ComputerNameIP).HostName } catch { $RemoteComputer = $Computer } Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Getting computer information from $RemoteComputer" $ScBlock = { $IPGProps = [System.Net.NetworkInformation.IPGlobalProperties]::GetIPGlobalProperties() return [pscustomobject]@{ 'DNSDomain' = $IPGProps.DomainName } } if (Test-Bound "Credential") { $conn = Get-DbaCmObject -ClassName win32_ComputerSystem -Computer $RemoteComputer -Credential $Credential -EnableException $DNSSuffix = Invoke-Command2 -Computer $RemoteComputer -ScriptBlock $ScBlock -Credential $Credential -ErrorAction Stop } else { $conn = Get-DbaCmObject -ClassName win32_ComputerSystem -Computer $RemoteComputer -EnableException $DNSSuffix = Invoke-Command2 -Computer $RemoteComputer -ScriptBlock $ScBlock -ErrorAction Stop } } catch { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Unable to get computer information from $Computer" } if (!$conn) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "No WMI/CIM from $Computer. Getting HostName via .NET.Dns" try { $fqdn = ([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($Computer)).HostName $hostname = $fqdn.Split(".")[0] $suffix = $fqdn.Replace("$hostname.", "") if ($hostname -eq $fqdn) { $suffix = "" } $conn = [PSCustomObject]@{ Name = $Computer DNSHostname = $hostname Domain = $suffix } $DNSSuffix = [PSCustomObject]@{ DNSDomain = $suffix } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "No .NET.Dns information from $Computer" -InnerErrorRecord $_ -Continue } } } if ($DNSSuffix.DNSDomain.Length -eq 0) { $FullComputerName = $conn.DNSHostname } else { $FullComputerName = $conn.DNSHostname + "." + $DNSSuffix.DNSDomain } try { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "Resolving $FullComputerName using .NET.Dns GetHostEntry" $hostentry = ([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($FullComputerName)).HostName } catch { Stop-Function -Message ".NET.Dns GetHostEntry failed for $FullComputerName" -InnerErrorRecord $_ } $fqdn = "$($conn.DNSHostname).$($conn.Domain)" if ($fqdn -eq ".") { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "No full FQDN found. Setting to null" $fqdn = $null } if ($FullComputerName -eq ".") { Write-Message -Level VeryVerbose -Message "No DNS FQDN found. Setting to null" $FullComputerName = $null } if ($FullComputerName -ne "." -and $FullComputerName -notmatch "\." -and $conn.Domain -match "\.") { $d = $conn.Domain $FullComputerName = "$FullComputerName.$d" } [PSCustomObject]@{ InputName = $OGComputer ComputerName = $conn.Name IPAddress = $ipaddress DNSHostName = $conn.DNSHostname DNSDomain = $DNSSuffix.DNSDomain Domain = $conn.Domain DNSHostEntry = $hostentry FQDN = $fqdn.TrimEnd(".") FullComputerName = $FullComputerName } } } } } |