functions/Repair-DbaOrphanUser.ps1
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function Repair-DbaOrphanUser { <# .SYNOPSIS Finds orphan users with existing login and remaps them. .DESCRIPTION An orphan user is defined by a user that does not have a matching login (Login property = ""). If the matching login exists it must be: Enabled Not a system object Not locked Have the same name that user You can drop users that does not have their matching login by specifying the parameter -RemoveNotExisting. .PARAMETER SqlInstance The SQL Server Instance to connect to. .PARAMETER SqlCredential Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins instead of Windows Authentication (AKA Integrated or Trusted). To use: $scred = Get-Credential, then pass $scred object to the -SqlCredential parameter. Windows Authentication will be used if SqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user. .PARAMETER Database Specifies the database(s) to process. Options for this list are auto-populated from the server. If unspecified, all databases will be processed. .PARAMETER Users Specifies the list of usernames to repair. .PARAMETER Force Forces alter schema to dbo owner so users can be dropped. .PARAMETER RemoveNotExisting If this switch is enabled, all users that do not have a matching login will be dropped from the database. .PARAMETER WhatIf If this switch is enabled, no actions are performed but informational messages will be displayed that explain what would happen if the command were to run. .PARAMETER Confirm If this switch is enabled, you will be prompted for confirmation before executing any operations that change state. .PARAMETER EnableException By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message. This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting. Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch. .EXAMPLE Repair-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance sql2005 Finds and repairs all orphan users of all databases present on server 'sql2005' .EXAMPLE Repair-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a -SqlCredential $cred Finds and repair all orphan users in all databases present on server 'sqlserver2014a'. SQL credentials are used to authenticate to the server. .EXAMPLE Repair-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a -Database db1, db2 Finds and repairs all orphan users in both db1 and db2 databases. .EXAMPLE Repair-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a -Database db1 -Users OrphanUser Finds and repairs user 'OrphanUser' in 'db1' database. .EXAMPLE Repair-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a -Users OrphanUser Finds and repairs user 'OrphanUser' on all databases .EXAMPLE Repair-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a -RemoveNotExisting Finds all orphan users of all databases present on server 'sqlserver2014a'. Removes all users that do not have matching Logins. .NOTES Tags: Orphan Author: Claudio Silva (@ClaudioESSilva) Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (C) Chrissy LeMaire, clemaire@gmail.com License: MIT https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT .LINK https://dbatools.io/Repair-DbaOrphanUser #> [CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)] Param ( [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer")] [DbaInstanceParameter[]]$SqlInstance, [PSCredential]$SqlCredential, [Alias("Databases")] [object[]]$Database, [parameter(Mandatory = $false, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [object[]]$Users, [switch]$RemoveNotExisting, [switch]$Force, [Alias('Silent')] [switch]$EnableException ) process { $start = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() foreach ($instance in $SqlInstance) { try { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Connecting to $instance." $server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $instance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential } catch { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Failed to connect to: $SqlInstance." continue } if ($Database.Count -eq 0) { $DatabaseCollection = $server.Databases | Where-Object { $_.IsSystemObject -eq $false -and $_.IsAccessible -eq $true } } else { if ($pipedatabase.Length -gt 0) { $Source = $pipedatabase[0].parent.name $DatabaseCollection = $pipedatabase.name } else { $DatabaseCollection = $server.Databases | Where-Object { $_.IsSystemObject -eq $false -and $_.IsAccessible -eq $true -and ($Database -contains $_.Name) } } } if ($DatabaseCollection.Count -gt 0) { foreach ($db in $DatabaseCollection) { try { #if SQL 2012 or higher only validate databases with ContainmentType = NONE if ($server.versionMajor -gt 10) { if ($db.ContainmentType -ne [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.ContainmentType]::None) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database '$db' is a contained database. Contained databases can't have orphaned users. Skipping validation." Continue } } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Validating users on database '$db'." if ($Users.Count -eq 0) { #the third validation will remove from list sql users without login. The rule here is Sid with length higher than 16 $UsersToWork = $db.Users | Where-Object { $_.Login -eq "" -and ($_.ID -gt 4) -and ($_.Sid.Length -gt 16 -and $_.LoginType -eq [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.LoginType]::SqlLogin) -eq $false } } else { if ($pipedatabase.Length -gt 0) { $Source = $pipedatabase[3].parent.name $UsersToWork = $pipedatabase.name } else { #the fourth validation will remove from list sql users without login. The rule here is Sid with length higher than 16 $UsersToWork = $db.Users | Where-Object { $_.Login -eq "" -and ($_.ID -gt 4) -and ($Users -contains $_.Name) -and (($_.Sid.Length -gt 16 -and $_.LoginType -eq [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.LoginType]::SqlLogin) -eq $false) } } } if ($UsersToWork.Count -gt 0) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Orphan users found" $UsersToRemove = @() foreach ($User in $UsersToWork) { $ExistLogin = $server.logins | Where-Object { $_.Isdisabled -eq $False -and $_.IsSystemObject -eq $False -and $_.IsLocked -eq $False -and $_.Name -eq $User.Name } if ($ExistLogin) { if ($server.versionMajor -gt 8) { $query = "ALTER USER " + $User + " WITH LOGIN = " + $User } else { $query = "exec sp_change_users_login 'update_one', '$User'" } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($db.Name, "Mapping user '$($User.Name)'")) { $server.Databases[$db.Name].ExecuteNonQuery($query) | Out-Null Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "`r`nUser '$($User.Name)' mapped with their login." [PSCustomObject]@{ SqlInstance = $server.name DatabaseName = $db.Name User = $User.Name Status = "Success" } } } else { if ($RemoveNotExisting) { #add user to collection $UsersToRemove += $User } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Orphan user $($User.Name) does not have matching login." [PSCustomObject]@{ SqlInstance = $server.name DatabaseName = $db.Name User = $User.Name Status = "No matching login" } } } } #With the collection complete invoke remove. if ($RemoveNotExisting) { if ($Force) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($db.Name, "Remove-DbaOrphanUser")) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Calling 'Remove-DbaOrphanUser' with -Force." Remove-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance $sqlinstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential -Database $db.Name -User $UsersToRemove -Force } } Else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($db.Name, "Remove-DbaOrphanUser")) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Calling 'Remove-DbaOrphanUser'." Remove-DbaOrphanUser -SqlInstance $sqlinstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential -Database $db.Name -User $UsersToRemove } } } } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "No orphan users found on database '$db'." } #reset collection $UsersToWork = $null } catch { Stop-Function -Message $_ -Continue } } } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "There are no databases to analyse." } } } end { $totaltime = ($start.Elapsed) $start.Stop() Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Total Elapsed time: $totaltime." Test-DbaDeprecation -DeprecatedOn "1.0.0" -EnableException:$false -Alias Repair-SqlOrphanUser } } |