functions/Copy-DbaDatabase.ps1
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function Copy-DbaDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Migrates SQL Server databases from one SQL Server to another. .DESCRIPTION This script provides the ability to migrate databases using detach/copy/attach or backup/restore. This script works with named instances, clusters and SQL Server Express Edition. By default, databases will be migrated to the destination SQL Server's default data and log directories. You can override this by specifying -ReuseSourceFolderStructure. Filestreams and filegroups are also migrated. Safety is emphasized. .PARAMETER Source Source SQL Server. You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2000 or newer. .PARAMETER SourceSqlCredential Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins instead of Windows Authentication (AKA Integrated or Trusted). To use: $scred = Get-Credential, then pass $scred object to the -SourceSqlCredential parameter. Windows Authentication will be used if SourceSqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user. .PARAMETER Destination Destination SQL Server. You must have sysadmin access and the server must be SQL Server 2000 or newer. .PARAMETER DestinationSqlCredential Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins instead of Windows Authentication (AKA Integrated or Trusted). To use: $dcred = Get-Credential, then pass this $dcred to the -DestinationSqlCredential parameter. Windows Authentication will be used if DestinationSqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user. .PARAMETER Database Migrates only specified databases. This list is auto-populated from the server for tab completion. Multiple databases may be specified as a collection. .PARAMETER ExcludeDatabase Excludes specified databases when performing -AllDatabases migrations. This list is auto-populated from the Source for tab completion. .PARAMETER AllDatabases If this switch is enabled, all user databases will be migrated. System and support databases will not be migrated. Requires -BackupRestore or -DetachAttach. .PARAMETER BackupRestore If this switch is enabled, the copy-only backup and restore method will be used to migrate the database(s). This method requires that you specify -NetworkShare in a valid UNC format (\\server\share). Backups will be immediately deleted after use unless -NoBackupCleanup is specified. .PARAMETER NetworkShare Specifies the network location for the backup files. The SQL Server service accounts must have read/write permission on this path. .PARAMETER WithReplace If this switch is enabled, the restore is executed with WITH REPLACE. This is useful if you want to stage some complex file paths. .PARAMETER NoRecovery If this switch is enabled, the restore is executed with WITH NORECOVERY. Ideal for staging. .PARAMETER NoBackupCleanup If this switch is enabled, backups generated by this cmdlet will not be deleted after they are restored. The default behavior is to delete these backups. .PARAMETER NumberFiles Number of files to split the backup. Default is 3. .PARAMETER DetachAttach If this switch is enabled, the detach/copy/attach method is used to perform database migrations. No files are deleted on Source. If Destination attachment fails, the Source database will be reattached. File copies are performed over administrative shares (\\server\x$\mssql) using BITS. If a database is being mirrored, the mirror will be broken prior to migration. .PARAMETER Reattach If this switch is enabled, all databases are reattached to Source after DetachAttach migration. .PARAMETER SetSourceReadOnly If this switch is enabled, all migrated databases are set to ReadOnly on Source prior to detach/attach & backup/restore. If -Reattach is used, databases are set to read-only after reattaching. .PARAMETER ReuseSourceFolderStructure If this switch is enabled, databases will be migrated to a data and log directory structure on Destination mirroring that used on Source. By default, the default data and log directories for Destination will be used when the databases are migrated. The structure on Source will be kept exactly, so consider this if you're migrating between different versions and use part of Microsoft's default Sql structure (MSSql12.INSTANCE, etc) To reuse Destination folder structure, use the -WithReplace switch. .PARAMETER IncludeSupportDbs If this switch is enabled, ReportServer, ReportServerTempDb, SSISDB, and distribution databases will be copied if they exist on Source. A logfile named $SOURCE-$DESTINATION-$date-Sqls.csv will be written to the current directory. Use of this switch requires -BackupRestore or -DetachAttach as well. .PARAMETER DatabaseCollection A collection of dbobjects from the pipeline. .PARAMETER NoCopyOnly If this switch is enabled, backups will be taken without COPY_ONLY. This will break the LSN backup chain, which will interfere with the restore chain of the database. By default this switch is disabled, so backups will be taken with COPY_ONLY. This will preserve the LSN backup chain. For more details please refer to this MSDN article - https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191495.aspx .PARAMETER SetSourceOffline If this switch is enabled, the Source database will be set to Offline after being copied. .PARAMETER WhatIf If this switch is enabled, no actions are performed but informational messages will be displayed that explain what would happen if the command were to run. .PARAMETER Confirm If this switch is enabled, you will be prompted for confirmation before executing any operations that change state. .PARAMETER Silent If this switch is enabled, the internal messaging functions will be silenced. .PARAMETER Force If this switch is enabled, existing databases on Destination with matching names from Source will be dropped. If using -DetachReattach, mirrors will be broken and the database(s) dropped from Availability Groups. .NOTES Tags: Migration, DisasterRecovery, Backup, Restore Original Author: Chrissy LeMaire (@cl), netnerds.net Requires: sysadmin access on SQL Servers Limitations: Doesn't cover what it doesn't cover (replication, certificates, etc) SQL Server 2000 databases cannot be directly migrated to SQL Server 2012 and above. Logins within SQL Server 2012 and above logins cannot be migrated to SQL Server 2008 R2 and below. Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (C) Chrissy LeMaire, clemaire@gmail.com License: GNU GPL v3 https://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-3.0 .LINK https://dbatools.io/Copy-DbaDatabase .EXAMPLE Copy-DbaDatabase -Source sqlserver2014a -Destination sqlserver2014b -Database TestDB -BackupRestore -NetworkShare \\fileshare\sql\migration Migrates a single user database TestDB using Backup and restore from instance sqlserver2014a to sqlserver2014b. Backup files are stored in \\fileshare\sql\migration. .EXAMPLE Copy-DbaDatabase -Source sqlserver2014a -Destination sqlcluster -DetachAttach -Reattach Databases will be migrated from sqlserver2014a to sqlcluster using the detach/copy files/attach method.The following will be performed: kick all users out of the database, detach all data/log files, move files across the network over an admin share (\\SqlSERVER\M$\MSSql...), attach file on destination server, reattach at source. If the database files (*.mdf, *.ndf, *.ldf) on *destination* exist and aren't in use, they will be overwritten. .EXAMPLE Copy-DbaDatabase -Source sqlserver2014a -Destination sqlcluster -ExcludeDatabase Northwind, pubs -IncludeSupportDbs -Force -BackupRestore -NetworkShare \\fileshare\sql\migration Migrates all user databases except for Northwind and pubs by using backup/restore (copy-only). Backup files are stored in \\fileshare\sql\migration. If the database exists on the destination, it will be dropped prior to attach. It also includes the support databases (ReportServer, ReportServerTempDb, distribution). #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "DbBackup", SupportsShouldProcess = $true)] Param ( [parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [DbaInstanceParameter] $Source, [PSCredential] $SourceSqlCredential, [parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [DbaInstanceParameter] $Destination, [PSCredential] $DestinationSqlCredential, [Alias("Databases")] [object[]] $Database, [object[]] $ExcludeDatabase, [Alias("All")] [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch] $AllDatabases, [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch] $BackupRestore, [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup", HelpMessage = "Specify a valid network share in the format \\server\share that can be accessed by your account and the SQL Server service accounts for both Source and Destination.")] [string] $NetworkShare, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch] $WithReplace, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch] $NoRecovery, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch] $NoBackupCleanup, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [ValidateRange(1, 64)] [int] $NumberFiles = 3, [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch] $DetachAttach, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch] $Reattach, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch] $SetSourceReadOnly, [Alias("ReuseFolderStructure")] [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch] $ReuseSourceFolderStructure, [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch] $IncludeSupportDbs, [parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $True)] [object] $DatabaseCollection, [switch] $NoCopyOnly, [switch] $SetSourceOffline, [switch] $Force, [switch] $Silent ) begin { Test-DbaDeprecation -DeprecatedOn "1.0.0" -Silent:$false -Alias Copy-SqlDatabase $CopyOnly = -not $NoCopyOnly function Join-AdminUnc { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. Parses a path to make it an admin UNC. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string] $servername, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string] $filepath ) if ($script:sameserver) { return $filepath } if (!$filepath) { return } if ($filepath.StartsWith("\\")) { return $filepath } $servername = $servername.Split("\")[0] if ($filepath.length -gt 0 -and $filepath -ne [System.DbNull]::Value) { $newpath = Join-Path "\\$servername\" $filepath.replace(':', '$') return $newpath } else { return } } # Global Database Function function Get-SqlFileStructure { $dbcollection = @{ }; $databaseProgressbar = 0 foreach ($db in $databaseList) { Write-Progress -Id 1 -Activity "Processing database file structure" -PercentComplete ($databaseProgressbar / $dbCount * 100) -Status "Processing $databaseProgressbar of $dbCount" $dbName = $db.Name Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message $dbName $databaseProgressbar++ $dbStatus = $db.status.toString() if ($dbStatus.StartsWith("Normal") -eq $false) { continue } $destinationfiles = @{ }; $sourcefiles = @{ } $where = "Filetype <> 'LOG' and Filetype <> 'FULLTEXT'" $datarows = $dbFileTable.Tables.Select("dbname = '$dbName' and $where") # Data Files foreach ($file in $datarows) { # Destination File Structure $d = @{ } if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $d.physical = $file.filename } elseif ($WithReplace) { $name = $file.Name $destfile = $remoteDbFileTable.Tables[0].Select("dbname = '$dbName' and name = '$name'") $d.physical = $destfile.filename if ($null -eq $d.physical) { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destServer data $fileName = Split-Path $file.filename -Leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$fileName" } } else { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destServer data $fileName = Split-Path $file.filename -Leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$fileName" } $d.logical = $file.Name $d.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $destNetBios $d.physical $destinationfiles.add($file.Name, $d) # Source File Structure $s = @{ } $s.logical = $file.Name $s.physical = $file.filename $s.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $sourceNetBios $s.physical $sourcefiles.add($file.Name, $s) } # Add support for Full Text Catalogs in SQL Server 2005 and below if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -lt 10) { try { $fttable = $null = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].ExecuteWithResults('sp_help_fulltext_catalogs') $allrows = $fttable.Tables[0].rows } catch { # Nothing, it's just not enabled } foreach ($ftc in $allrows) { # Destination File Structure $d = @{ } $pre = "sysft_" $name = $ftc.Name $physical = $ftc.Path # RootPath $logical = "$pre$name" if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $d.physical = $physical } else { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destServer data if ($destServer.VersionMajor -lt 10) { $directory = "$directory\FTDATA" } $fileName = Split-Path($physical) -leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$fileName" } $d.logical = $logical $d.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $destNetBios $d.physical $destinationfiles.add($logical, $d) # Source File Structure $s = @{ } $pre = "sysft_" $name = $ftc.Name $physical = $ftc.Path # RootPath $logical = "$pre$name" $s.logical = $logical $s.physical = $physical $s.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $sourceNetBios $s.physical $sourcefiles.add($logical, $s) } } $where = "Filetype = 'LOG'" $datarows = $dbFileTable.Tables[0].Select("dbname = '$dbName' and $where") # Log Files foreach ($file in $datarows) { $d = @{ } if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $d.physical = $file.filename } elseif ($WithReplace) { $name = $file.Name $destfile = $remoteDbFileTable.Tables[0].Select("dbname = '$dbName' and name = '$name'") $d.physical = $destfile.filename if ($null -eq $d.physical) { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destServer data $fileName = Split-Path $file.filename -Leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$fileName" } } else { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destServer log $fileName = Split-Path $file.filename -Leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$fileName" } $d.logical = $file.Name $d.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $destNetBios $d.physical $destinationfiles.add($file.Name, $d) $s = @{ } $s.logical = $file.Name $s.physical = $file.filename $s.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $sourceNetBios $s.physical $sourcefiles.add($file.Name, $s) } $location = @{ } $location.add("Destination", $destinationfiles) $location.add("Source", $sourcefiles) $dbcollection.Add($($db.Name), $location) } $fileStructure = [pscustomobject]@{ "databases" = $dbcollection } Write-Progress -id 1 -Activity "Processing database file structure" -Status "Completed" -Completed return $fileStructure } # Detach Attach function Dismount-SqlDatabase { [CmdletBinding()] param ( [object] $server, [string] $dbName ) $currentdb = $server.databases[$dbName] if ($currentdb.IsMirroringEnabled) { try { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Breaking mirror for $dbName" $currentdb.ChangeMirroringState([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.MirroringOption]::Off) $currentdb.Alter() $currentdb.Refresh() Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Could not break mirror for $dbName. Skipping." } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Issue breaking mirror." -Target $dbName -ErrorRecord $_ return $false } } if ($currentdb.AvailabilityGroupName.Length -gt 0) { $agName = $currentdb.AvailabilityGroupName Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Attempting remove from Availability Group $agName." try { $server.AvailabilityGroups[$currentdb.AvailabilityGroupName].AvailabilityDatabases[$dbName].Drop() Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully removed $dbName from detach from $agName on $($server.Name)." } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Could not remove $dbName from $agName on $($server.Name)." -Target $dbName -ErrorRecord $_ return $false } } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Attempting detach from $dbName from $source." ####### Using Sql to detach does not modify the $currentdb collection ####### $server.KillAllProcesses($dbName) try { $sql = "ALTER DATABASE [$dbName] SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE" Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message $sql $null = $server.Query($sql) Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully set $dbName to single-user from $source." } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Issue setting database to single-user." -Target $dbName -ErrorRecord $_ } try { $sql = "EXEC master.dbo.sp_detach_db N'$dbName'" Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message $sql $null = $server.Query($sql) Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully detached $dbName from $source." return $true } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Issue detaching database." -Target $dbName -ErrorRecord $_ return $false } } function Mount-SqlDatabase { [CmdletBinding()] param ( [object] $server, [string] $dbName, [object] $fileStructure, [string] $dbOwner ) if ($server.Logins.Item($dbOwner) -eq $null) { try { $dbOwner = ($destServer.logins | Where-Object { $_.id -eq 1 }).Name } catch { $dbOwner = "sa" } } try { $null = $server.AttachDatabase($dbName, $fileStructure, $dbOwner, [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.AttachOptions]::None) return $true } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Issue mounting database." -ErrorRecord $_ return $false } } function Start-SqlFileTransfer { <# SYNOPSIS Internal function. Uses BITS to transfer detached files (.mdf, .ndf, .ldf, and filegroups) to another server over admin UNC paths. Locations of data files are kept in the custom object generated by Get-SqlFileStructure #> param ( [object] $fileStructure, [string] $dbName ) $copydb = $fileStructure.databases[$dbName] $dbsource = $copydb.source $dbdestination = $copydb.destination foreach ($file in $dbsource.keys) { $remotefilename = $dbdestination[$file].remotefilename $from = $dbsource[$file].remotefilename try { if (Test-Path $from -pathtype container) { $null = New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $remotefilename -Force Start-BitsTransfer -Source "$from\*.*" -Destination $remotefilename $directories = (Get-ChildItem -recurse $from | Where-Object { $_.PsIsContainer }).FullName foreach ($directory in $directories) { $newdirectory = $directory.replace($from, $remotefilename) $null = New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $newdirectory -Force Start-BitsTransfer -Source "$directory\*.*" -Destination $newdirectory } } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Copying $from for $dbName." Start-BitsTransfer -Source $from -Destination $remotefilename } $fn = Split-Path $($dbdestination[$file].physical) -leaf } catch { try { # Sometimes BITS trips out temporarily on cloned drives. Start-BitsTransfer -Source $from -Destination $remotefilename } catch { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Start-BitsTransfer did not succeed. Now attempting with Copy-Item - no progress bar will be shown." try { Copy-Item -Path $from -Destination $remotefilename -ErrorAction Stop } catch { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Access denied. This can happen for a number of reasons including issues with cloned disks." Stop-Function -Message "Alternatively, you may need to run PowerShell as Administrator, especially when running on localhost." -Target $from -ErrorRecord $_ return } } } } return $true } function Start-SqlDetachAttach { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. Performs checks, then executes Dismount-SqlDatabase on a database, copies its files to the new server, then performs Mount-SqlDatabase. $sourceServer and $destServer are SMO server objects. $fileStructure is a custom object generated by Get-SqlFileStructure #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [object] $sourceServer, [object] $destServer, [object] $fileStructure, [string] $dbName ) $destfilestructure = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection $sourceFileStructure = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection $dbOwner = $sourceServer.databases[$dbName].owner if ($dbOwner -eq $null) { try { $dbOwner = ($destServer.logins | Where-Object { $_.id -eq 1 }).Name } catch { $dbOwner = "sa" } } foreach ($file in $fileStructure.databases[$dbName].destination.values) { $null = $destfilestructure.add($file.physical) } foreach ($file in $fileStructure.databases[$dbName].source.values) { $null = $sourceFileStructure.add($file.physical) } $detachresult = Dismount-SqlDatabase $sourceServer $dbName if ($detachresult) { $transfer = Start-SqlFileTransfer $fileStructure $dbName if ($transfer -eq $false) { Write-Warning "Could not copy files."; return "Could not copy files." } $attachresult = Mount-SqlDatabase $destServer $dbName $destfilestructure $dbOwner if ($attachresult -eq $true) { # add to added dbs because ATTACH was successful Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully attached $dbName to $destination." return $true } else { # add to failed because ATTACH was unsuccessful Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Could not attach $dbName." return "Could not attach database." } } else { # add to failed because DETACH was unsuccessful Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Could not detach $dbName." return "Could not detach database." } } } process { if (Test-FunctionInterrupt) { return } if (($AllDatabases -or $IncludeSupportDbs -or $Database) -and !$DetachAttach -and !$BackupRestore) { Stop-Function -Message "You must specify -DetachAttach or -BackupRestore when migrating databases." return } if ($DatabaseCollection.Length -gt 0) { $Source = $DatabaseCollection[0].Parent.Name $Database = $DatabaseCollection.Name } if ($Database -contains "master" -or $Database -contains "msdb" -or $Database -contains "tempdb") { Stop-Function -Message "Migrating system databases is not currently supported." return } if (!$AllDatabases -and !$IncludeSupportDbs -and !$Database) { Stop-Function -Message "You must specify a -AllDatabases or -Database to continue." return } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Attempting to connect to SQL Servers." $sourceServer = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $Source -SqlCredential $SourceSqlCredential $destServer = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $Destination -SqlCredential $DestinationSqlCredential if ($sourceServer.ComputerNamePhysicalNetBIOS -eq $destServer.ComputerNamePhysicalNetBIOS) { $script:sameserver = $true } else { $script:sameserver = $false } if ($script:sameserver -and $DetachAttach) { if (-not (Test-ElevationRequirement -ComputerName $sourceServer)) { return } } $destVersionLower = $destServer.VersionMajor -lt $sourceServer.VersionMajor $destVersionMinorLow = ($destServer.VersionMajor -eq 10 -and $sourceServer.VersionMajor -eq 10) -and ($destServer.VersionMinor -lt $sourceServer.VersionMinor) if ($destVersionLower -or $destVersionMinorLow) { Stop-Function -Message "Error: copy database cannot be made from newer $($sourceServer.VersionString) to older $($destServer.VersionString) SQL Server version." return } if ($DetachAttach) { if ($sourceServer.NetName -eq $env:COMPUTERNAME -or $destServer.NetName -eq $env:COMPUTERNAME) { if (-not ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole] "Administrator")) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "When running DetachAttach locally on the console, it's possible you'll need to Run As Administrator. Trying anyway." } } } $source = $sourceServer.DomainInstanceName $destination = $destServer.DomainInstanceName if ($NetworkShare.Length -gt 0) { if ($(Test-DbaSqlPath -SqlInstance $sourceServer -Path $NetworkShare) -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "$Source may not be able to access $NetworkShare. Trying anyway." } if ($(Test-DbaSqlPath -SqlInstance $destServer -Path $NetworkShare) -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "$Destination may not be able to access $NetworkShare. Trying anyway." } if ($NetworkShare.StartsWith('\\')) { try { $shareServer = ($NetworkShare -split "\\")[2] $hostEntry = ([Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($shareServer)).HostName -split "\." if ($shareServer -ne $hostEntry[0]) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Using CNAME records for the network share may present an issue if an SPN has not been created. Trying anyway. If it doesn't work, use a different (A record) hostname." } } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Error validating unc path: $_" return } } } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Resolving NetBIOS names." $sourceNetBios = Resolve-NetBiosName $sourceServer $destNetBios = Resolve-NetBiosName $destServer Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Performing SMO version check." Invoke-SmoCheck -SqlInstance $sourceServer Invoke-SmoCheck -SqlInstance $destServer Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking to ensure the source isn't the same as the destination." if ($source -eq $destination) { Stop-Function -Message "Source and Destination SQL Servers instances are the same. Quitting." return } if ($NetworkShare.Length -gt 0) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking to ensure network path is valid." if (!($NetworkShare.StartsWith("\\")) -and !$script:sameserver) { Stop-Function -Message "Network share must be a valid UNC path (\\server\share)." return } if (!$script:sameserver) { try { if ((Test-Path $NetworkShare -ErrorAction Stop)) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "$NetworkShare share can be accessed." } } catch { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "$NetworkShare share cannot be accessed. Still trying anyway, in case the SQL Server service accounts have access." } } } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking to ensure server is not SQL Server 7 or below." if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -lt 8 -and $destServer.VersionMajor -lt 8) { Stop-Function -Message "This script can only be run on SQL Server 2000 and above. Quitting." return } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking to ensure detach/attach is not attempted on SQL Server 2000." if ($destServer.VersionMajor -lt 9 -and $DetachAttach) { Stop-Function -Message "Detach/Attach not supported when destination SQL Server is version 2000. Quitting." -Target $destServer return } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking to ensure SQL Server 2000 migration isn't directly attempted to SQL Server 2012." if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -lt 9 -and $destServer.VersionMajor -gt 10) { Stop-Function -Message "SQL Server 2000 databases cannot be migrated to SQL Server versions 2012 and above. Quitting." -Target $destServer return } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Warning if migration from 2005 to 2012 and above and attach/detach is used." if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -eq 9 -and $destServer.VersionMajor -gt 9 -and !$BackupRestore -and !$Force -and $DetachAttach) { Stop-Function -Message "Backup and restore is the safest method for migrating from SQL Server 2005 to other SQL Server versions. Please use the -BackupRestore switch or override this requirement by specifying -Force." return } if ($sourceServer.Collation -ne $destServer.Collation) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Warning on different collation." Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Collation on $Source, $($sourceServer.Collation) differs from the $Destination, $($destServer.Collation)." } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Ensuring user databases exist (counting databases)." $dbTotal = $sourceServer.Databases.Count if ($dbTotal -le 4) { Stop-Function -Message "No user databases to migrate. Quitting." } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Ensuring destination server version is equal to or greater than source." if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -ge $destServer.VersionMajor) { if ($sourceServer.VersionMinor -gt $destServer.VersionMinor) { Stop-Function -Message "Source SQL Server version build must be <= destination SQL Server for database migration." } } # SMO's filestreamlevel is sometimes null $sql = "select coalesce(SERVERPROPERTY('FilestreamConfiguredLevel'),0) as fs" $sourceFilestream = $sourceServer.ConnectionContext.ExecuteScalar($sql) $destFilestream = $destServer.ConnectionContext.ExecuteScalar($sql) if ($sourceFilestream -gt 0 -and $destFilestream -eq 0) { $fsWarning = $true } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Writing warning about filestream being enabled" if ($fsWarning) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "FILESTREAM enabled on $source but not $destination. Databases that use FILESTREAM will be skipped." } if ($DetachAttach -eq $true) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking access to remote directories" $remoteSourcePath = Join-AdminUNC $sourceNetBios (Get-SqlDefaultPaths -SqlInstance $sourceServer -filetype data) if ((Test-Path $remoteSourcePath) -ne $true -and $DetachAttach) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Can't access remote Sql directories on $source which is required to perform detach/copy/attach." Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "You can manually try accessing $remoteSourcePath to diagnose any issues." Stop-Function -Message "Halting database migration." return } $remoteDestPath = Join-AdminUNC $destNetBios (Get-SqlDefaultPaths -SqlInstance $destServer -filetype data) If ((Test-Path $remoteDestPath) -ne $true -and $DetachAttach) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Can't access remote Sql directories on $destination which is required to perform detach/copy/attach." Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "You can manually try accessing $remoteDestPath to diagnose any issues." Stop-Function -Message "Halting database migration." return } } if (($Database -or $ExcludeDatabase -or $IncludeSupportDbs) -and (!$DetachAttach -and !$BackupRestore)) { Stop-Function -Message "You did not select a migration method. Please use -BackupRestore or -DetachAttach." return } if ((!$Database -and !$AllDatabases -and !$IncludeSupportDbs) -and ($DetachAttach -or $BackupRestore)) { Stop-Function -Message "You did not select any databases to migrate. Please use -AllDatabases or -Database or -IncludeSupportDbs." return } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Building database list." $databaseList = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList $SupportDBs = "ReportServer", "ReportServerTempDB", "distribution" foreach ($currentdb in $sourceServer.Databases) { $dbName = $currentdb.Name $dbOwner = $currentdb.Owner if ($currentdb.Id -le 4) { continue } if ($Database -and $Database -notcontains $dbName) { continue } if ($IncludeSupportDBs -eq $false -and $SupportDBs -contains $dbName) { continue } if ($IncludeSupportDBs -eq $true -and $SupportDBs -notcontains $dbName) { if ($AllDatabases -eq $false -and $Database.length -eq 0) { continue } } $null = $databaseList.Add($currentdb) } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Performing count." $dbCount = $databaseList.Count Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Building file structure inventory for $dbCount databases." if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -eq 8) { $sql = "select DB_NAME (dbid) as dbname, name, filename, CASE WHEN groupid = 0 THEN 'LOG' ELSE 'ROWS' END as filetype from sysaltfiles" } else { $sql = "SELECT db.Name AS dbname, type_desc AS FileType, mf.Name, Physical_Name AS filename FROM sys.master_files mf INNER JOIN sys.databases db ON db.database_id = mf.database_id" } $dbFileTable = $sourceServer.Databases['master'].ExecuteWithResults($sql) if ($destServer.VersionMajor -eq 8) { $sql = "select DB_NAME (dbid) as dbname, name, filename, CASE WHEN groupid = 0 THEN 'LOG' ELSE 'ROWS' END as filetype from sysaltfiles" } else { $sql = "SELECT db.Name AS dbname, type_desc AS FileType, mf.Name, Physical_Name AS filename FROM sys.master_files mf INNER JOIN sys.databases db ON db.database_id = mf.database_id" } $remoteDbFileTable = $destServer.Databases['master'].ExecuteWithResults($sql) $fileStructure = Get-SqlFileStructure -sourceserver $sourceServer -destserver $destServer -databaselist $databaseList -ReuseSourceFolderStructure $ReuseSourceFolderStructure $elapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() $started = Get-Date $script:TimeNow = (Get-Date -UFormat "%m%d%Y%H%M%S") $allDbElapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() if ($AllDatabases -or $ExcludeDatabase.length -gt 0 -or $IncludeSupportDbs -or $Database.length -gt 0) { foreach ($currentdb in $databaseList) { $dbElapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() $dbName = $currentdb.Name $dbOwner = $currentdb.Owner $copyDatabaseStatus = [pscustomobject]@{ SourceServer = $sourceServer.Name SourceDatabase = $dbName DestinationServer = $destServer.Name DestinationDatabase = $dbname Type = "Database" Status = $null Notes = $null DateTime = [DbaDateTime](Get-Date) } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "`n######### Database: $dbName #########" $dbStart = Get-Date if ($ExcludeDatabase -contains $dbName) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "$dbName excluded. Skipping." continue } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking for accessibility." if ($currentdb.IsAccessible -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Skipping $dbName. Database is inaccessible." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Skipped" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Database is not accessible." $copyDatabaseStatus continue } if ($fsWarning) { $fsRows = $dbFileTable.Tables[0].Select("dbname = '$dbName' and FileType = 'FileStream'") if ($fsRows.Count -gt 0) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Skipping $dbName (contains FILESTREAM)." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Skipped" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Contains FILESTREAM" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } } if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $fgRows = $dbFileTable.Tables[0].Select("dbname = '$dbName' and FileType = 'ROWS'")[0] $remotePath = Split-Path $fgRows $remotePath = Join-AdminUNC $destNetBios $remotePath if (!(Test-Path $remotePath)) { Stop-Function -Message "Cannot resolve $remotePath. `n`nYou have specified ReuseSourceFolderStructure and exact folder structure does not exist. Halting script." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Can't resolve $remotePath" $copyDatabaseStatus return } } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Checking Availability Group status." if ($currentdb.AvailabilityGroupName.Length -gt 0 -and !$force -and $DetachAttach) { $agName = $currentdb.AvailabilityGroupName Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database is part of an Availability Group ($agName). Use -Force to drop from $agName and migrate. Alternatively, you can use the safer backup/restore method." continue } $dbStatus = $currentdb.Status.ToString() if ($dbStatus.StartsWith("Normal") -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "$dbName is not in a Normal state. Skipping." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Skipped" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Not in normal state" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } if ($currentdb.ReplicationOptions -ne "None" -and $DetachAttach -eq $true) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "$dbName is part of replication. Skipping." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Skipped" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Part of replication" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } if ($currentdb.IsMirroringEnabled -and !$force -and $DetachAttach) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database is being mirrored. Use -Force to break mirror and migrate. Alternatively, you can use the safer backup/restore method." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Skipped" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Database is mirrored. Use -Force to break mirror." $copyDatabaseStatus continue } if (($destServer.Databases[$dbName] -ne $null) -and !$force -and !$WithReplace) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database exists at destination. Use -Force to drop and migrate. Aborting routine for this database." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Skipped" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Already exist on destination" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } elseif ($destServer.Databases[$dbName] -ne $null -and $force) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "DROP DATABASE $dbName")) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "$dbName already exists. -Force was specified. Dropping $dbName on $destination." $dropResult = Remove-SqlDatabase $destServer $dbName if ($dropResult -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database could not be dropped. Aborting routine for this database" $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Issue dropping database" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } } } if ($force) { $WithReplace = $true } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("console", "Showing start time")) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Started: $dbStart." } if ($sourceServer.VersionMajor -ge 9) { $sourceDbOwnerChaining = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].DatabaseOwnershipChaining $sourceDbTrustworthy = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].Trustworthy $sourceDbBrokerEnabled = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].BrokerEnabled } $sourceDbReadOnly = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].ReadOnly if ($SetSourceReadOnly) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($source, "Set $dbName to read-only")) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Setting database to read-only." $result = Update-SqldbReadOnly -SqlInstance $sourceServer -dbname $dbName -readonly:$true if ($result -eq $false) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Couldn't set database to read-only. Aborting routine for this database." continue } } } if ($BackupRestore) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Backup $dbName from $source and restoring.")) { $copyDatabaseStatus.Type = "Database (BackupRestore)." $fileName = "$dbName-$timeNow.bak" $backupFile = Join-Path $NetworkShare $fileName $backupTmpResult = Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $sourceServer -Database $dbName -backupDirectory (Split-Path -Path $backupFile -parent) -FileCount $numberfiles -CopyOnly:$CopyOnly $backupResult = $BackupTmpResult.BackupComplete if ($backupResult -eq $false) { $serviceAccount = $sourceServer.ServiceAccount Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Backup Failed. Does SQL Server account $serviceAccount have access to $NetworkShare? Aborting routine for this database." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Backup failed. Verify service account access to $NetworkShare" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Resuse = $ReuseSourceFolderStructure" $restoreResultTmp = $backupTmpResult | Restore-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance $destServer -DatabaseName $dbName -ReuseSourceFolderStructure:$ReuseSourceFolderStructure -NoRecovery:$NoRecovery -TrustDbBackupHistory -WithReplace:$WithReplace $restoreResult = $restoreResultTmp.RestoreComplete if ($restoreResult -eq $true) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully restored $dbName to $destination." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Successful" $copyDatabaseStatus } else { if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Failed to restore $dbName to $destination. You specified -ReuseSourceFolderStructure. Does the exact same destination directory structure exist?" Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Aborting routine for this database." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Failed to restore. ReuseSourceFolderStructure was specified, verify same directory structure exist on destination." $copyDatabaseStatus continue } else { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Failed to restore $dbName to $destination. Aborting routine for this database." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Failed to restore database." $copyDatabaseStatus continue } } if ($NoBackupCleanUp -ne $true) { foreach ($backupFile in ($restoreResultTmp.BackupFile -split ',')) { try { if (Test-Path $backupFile -ErrorAction Stop) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Deleting $backupFile." Remove-Item $backupFile -ErrorAction Stop } } catch { try { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Trying alternate SQL method to delete $backupFile." $sql = "EXEC master.sys.xp_delete_file 0, '$backupFile'" Write-Message -Level Debug -Message $sql $null = $sourceServer.Query($sql) } catch { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Cannot delete backup file $backupFile." # Set NoBackupCleanup so that there's a warning at the end $NoBackupCleanup = $true } } } } } $dbFinish = Get-Date if ($NoRecovery -eq $false) { # needed because the newly restored database doesn't show up $destServer.Databases.Refresh() $dbOwner = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].Owner if ($null -eq $dbOwner -or $destServer.Logins.Name -notcontains $dbOwner) { $dbOwner = Get-SaLoginName -SqlInstance $destServer } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Updating database owner to $dbOwner." $OwnerResult = Set-DbaDatabaseOwner -SqlInstance $destServer -Database $dbName -TargetLogin $dbOwner -Silent if ($OwnerResult.Length -eq 0) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Failed to update database owner." } } } if ($DetachAttach) { $copyDatabaseStatus.Type = "Database (DetachAttach)" $sourceFileStructure = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection foreach ($file in $fileStructure.Databases[$dbName].Source.Values) { $null = $sourceFileStructure.Add($file.Physical) } $dbOwner = $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].Owner if ($null -eq $dbOwner -or $destServer.Logins.Name -notcontains $dbOwner) { $dbOwner = Get-SaLoginName -SqlInstance $destServer } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Detach $dbName from $source and attach, then update dbowner")) { $migrationResult = Start-SqlDetachAttach $sourceServer $destServer $fileStructure $dbName $dbFinish = Get-Date if ($reattach -eq $true) { $sourceServer.Databases.Refresh() $destServer.Databases.Refresh() $result = Mount-SqlDatabase $sourceServer $dbName $sourceFileStructure $dbOwner if ($result -eq $true) { $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].DatabaseOwnershipChaining = $sourceDbOwnerChaining $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].Trustworthy = $sourceDbTrustworthy $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].BrokerEnabled = $sourceDbBrokerEnabled $sourceServer.Databases[$dbName].Alter() if ($SetSourceReadOnly) { $null = Update-SqldbReadOnly -SqlInstance $sourceServer -dbname $dbName -readonly $true } else { $null = Update-SqldbReadOnly -SqlInstance $sourceServer -dbname $dbName -readonly $sourceDbReadOnly } Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully reattached $dbName to $source." } else { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Could not reattach $dbName to $source." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Could not reattach database to $source" $copyDatabaseStatus } } if ($migrationResult -eq $true) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully attached $dbName to $destination." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Successful" $copyDatabaseStatus } else { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Failed to attach $dbName to $destination. Aborting routine for this database." $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Failed" $copyDatabaseStatus.Notes = "Failed to attach database to destination" $copyDatabaseStatus continue } } } $destServer.Databases.Refresh() # restore potentially lost settings if ($destServer.VersionMajor -ge 9 -and $NoRecovery -eq $false) { if ($sourceDbOwnerChaining -ne $destServer.Databases[$dbName].DatabaseOwnershipChaining) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating DatabaseOwnershipChaining on $dbName")) { try { $destServer.Databases[$dbName].DatabaseOwnershipChaining = $sourceDbOwnerChaining $destServer.Databases[$dbName].Alter() Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully updated DatabaseOwnershipChaining for $sourceDbOwnerChaining on $dbName on $destination." } catch { $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Successful - failed to apply DatabaseOwnershipChaining." $copyDatabaseStatus Stop-Function -Message "Failed to update DatabaseOwnershipChaining for $sourceDbOwnerChaining on $dbName on $destination." -Target $destination -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } } } if ($sourceDbTrustworthy -ne $destServer.Databases[$dbName].Trustworthy) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating Trustworthy on $dbName")) { try { $destServer.Databases[$dbName].Trustworthy = $sourceDbTrustworthy $destServer.Databases[$dbName].Alter() Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully updated Trustworthy to $sourceDbTrustworthy for $dbName on $destination" } catch { $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Successful - failed to apply Trusthworthy" $copyDatabaseStatus Stop-Function -Message "Failed to update Trustworthy to $sourceDbTrustworthy for $dbName on $destination" -Target $destination -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } } } if ($sourceDbBrokerEnabled -ne $destServer.Databases[$dbName].BrokerEnabled) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating BrokerEnabled on $dbName")) { try { $destServer.Databases[$dbName].BrokerEnabled = $sourceDbBrokerEnabled $destServer.Databases[$dbName].Alter() Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully updated BrokerEnabled to $sourceDbBrokerEnabled for $dbName on $destination" } catch { $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Successful - failed to apply BrokerEnabled" $copyDatabaseStatus Stop-Function -Message "Failed to update BrokerEnabled to $sourceDbBrokerEnabled for $dbName on $destination" -Target $destination -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } } } } if ($sourceDbReadOnly -ne $destServer.Databases[$dbName].ReadOnly -and $NoRecovery -eq $false) { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating ReadOnly status on $dbName")) { $update = Update-SqldbReadOnly -SqlInstance $destServer -dbname $dbName -readonly $sourceDbReadOnly if ($update -eq $true) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Successfully updated readonly status on $dbName." } else { $copyDatabaseStatus.Status = "Successful - failed to apply ReadOnly." $copyDatabaseStatus Stop-Function -Message "Failed to update ReadOnly status on $dbName." -Target $destination -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } } } if ($SetSourceOffline -and $sourceServer.databases[$dbName].status -notlike '*offline*') { if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Setting $dbName offline on $source")) { Stop-DbaProcess -SqlInstance $sourceServer -Database $dbName Set-DbaDatabaseState -SqlInstance $sourceServer -SqlCredential $SourceSqlCredential -database $dbName -Offline } } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("console", "Showing elapsed time")) { $dbTotalTime = $dbFinish - $dbStart $dbTotalTime = ($dbTotalTime.ToString().Split(".")[0]) Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Finished: $dbFinish." Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Elapsed time: $dbTotalTime." } } # end db by db processing } } end { if (Test-FunctionInterrupt) { return } if ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("console", "Showing migration time elapsed")) { if ($null -ne $elapsed) { $totalTime = ($elapsed.Elapsed.toString().Split(".")[0]) Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "`nDatabase migration finished" Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Migration started: $started" Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Migration completed: $(Get-Date)" Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Total Elapsed time: $totalTime" if ($NetworkShare.length -gt 0 -and $NoBackupCleanup) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Backups still exist at $NetworkShare." } } else { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "No work was done, as we stopped during setup phase" } } } } |