functions/Test-DbaSpn.ps1
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#ValidationTags#FlowControl,Pipeline# Function Test-DbaSpn { <# .SYNOPSIS Test-DbaSpn will determine what SPNs *should* be set for a given server (and any instances of SQL running on it) and return whether the SPNs are set or not. .DESCRIPTION This function is designed to take in a server name(s) and attempt to determine required SPNs. It was initially written to mimic the (previously) broken functionality of the Microsoft Kerberos Configuration manager and SQL Server 2016. The functon will connect to a remote server and, through WMI, discover all running intances of SQL Server. For any instances with TCP/IP enabled, the script will determine which port(s) the instances are listening on and generate the required SPNs. For named instances NOT using dynamic ports, the script will generate a port- based SPN for those instances as well. At a minimum, the script will test a base, port-less SPN for each instance discovered. Once the required SPNs are generated, the script will connect to Active Directory and search for any of the SPNs (if any) that are already set. The function will return a custom object(s) that contains the server name checked, the instance name discovered, the account the service is running under, and what the "required" SPN should be. It will also return a boolean property indicating if the SPN is set in Active Directory or not. .PARAMETER ComputerName The server name you want to discover any SQL Server instances on. This parameter is required. .PARAMETER Credential The credential you want to use to connect to the remote server and active directory. .PARAMETER Silent Use this switch to disable any kind of verbose messages .NOTES Tags: SQLWMI, SPN Author: Drew Furgiuele (@pittfurg), http://www.port1433.com dbatools PowerShell module (https://dbatools.io, clemaire@gmail.com) Copyright (C) 2016 Chrissy LeMaire This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. .LINK https://dbatools.io/Test-DbaSpn .EXAMPLE Test-DbaSpn -ComputerName SQLSERVERA -Credential (Get-Credential) Connects to a computer (SQLSERVERA) and queries WMI for all SQL instances and return "required" SPNs. It will then take each SPN it generates and query Active Directory to make sure the SPNs are set. .EXAMPLE Test-DbaSpn -ComputerName SQLSERVERA,SQLSERVERB -Credential (Get-Credential) Connects to multiple computers (SQLSERVERA, SQLSERVERB) and queries WMI for all SQL instances and return "required" SPNs. It will then take each SPN it generates and query Active Directory to make sure the SPNs are set. .EXAMPLE Test-DbaSpn -ComputerName SQLSERVERC -Credential (Get-Credential) Connects to a computer (SQLSERVERC) on a specified and queries WMI for all SQL instances and return "required" SPNs. It will then take each SPN it generates and query Active Directory to make sure the SPNs are set. Note that the credential you pass must have be a valid login with appropriate rights on the domain #> [cmdletbinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [dbainstanceparameter[]]$ComputerName, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [PSCredential]$Credential, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [switch]$Silent ) begin { # spare the cmdlet to search for the same account over and over $resultcache = @{ } } process { foreach ($computer in $computername) { try { $resolved = Resolve-DbaNetworkName -ComputerName $computer.ComputerName -Credential $Credential -ErrorAction Stop } catch { $resolved = Resolve-DbaNetworkName -ComputerName $computer.ComputerName -Turbo } if ($null -eq $resolved.IPAddress) { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Cannot resolve IP address, moving on." continue } $ipaddr = $resolved.IPAddress $hostentry = $resolved.DNSHostEntry Write-Message -Message "Resolved ComputerName to FQDN: $computer" -Level Verbose $Scriptblock = { Function Convert-SqlVersion { param ( [version]$version ) switch ($version.Major) { 9 { "SQL Server 2005" } 10 { if ($version.Minor -eq 0) { "SQL Server 2008" } else { "SQL Server 2008 R2" } } 11 { "SQL Server 2012" } 12 { "SQL Server 2014" } 13 { "SQL Server 2016" } 14 { "SQL Server vNext" } default { $version } } } $spns = @() $servername = $args[0] $hostentry = $args[1] $instancename = $args[2] $instancecount = $wmi.ServerInstances.Count Write-Verbose "Found $instancecount instances" foreach ($instance in $wmi.ServerInstances) { $spn = [pscustomobject] @{ ComputerName = $servername InstanceName = $instancename SqlProduct = $null #SKUNAME InstanceServiceAccount = $null RequiredSPN = $null IsSet = $false Cluster = $false TcpEnabled = $false Port = $null DynamicPort = $false Warning = "None" Error = "None" Credential = $Credential # for piping } $spn.InstanceName = $instance.name $InstanceName = $spn.InstanceName Write-Verbose "Parsing $InstanceName" $services = $wmi.services | Where-Object DisplayName -eq "SQL Server ($InstanceName)" $spn.InstanceServiceAccount = $services.ServiceAccount $spn.Cluster = ($services.advancedproperties | Where-Object Name -eq 'Clustered').Value if ($spn.Cluster) { $hostentry = ($services.advancedproperties | Where-Object Name -eq 'VSNAME').Value.ToLower() Write-Verbose "Found cluster $hostentry" $hostentry = ([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($hostentry)).HostName $spn.ComputerName = $hostentry } $rawversion = [version]($services.advancedproperties | Where-Object Name -eq 'VERSION').Value #13.1.4001.0 $version = Convert-SqlVersion $rawversion $skuname = ($services.advancedproperties | Where-Object Name -eq 'SKUNAME').Value $spn.SqlProduct = "$version $skuname" #is tcp enabled on this instance? If not, we don't need an spn, son if ((($instance.serverprotocols | Where-Object { $_.Displayname -eq "TCP/IP" }).ProtocolProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "Enabled" }).Value -eq $true) { Write-Verbose "TCP is enabled, gathering SPN requirements" $spn.TcpEnabled = $true #Each instance has a default SPN of MSSQLSvc\<fqdn> or MSSSQLSvc\<fqdn>:Instance if ($instance.Name -eq "MSSQLSERVER") { $spn.RequiredSPN = "MSSQLSvc/$hostentry" } else { $spn.RequiredSPN = "MSSQLSvc/" + $hostentry + ":" + $instance.name } } $spns += $spn } # Now, for each spn, do we need a port set? Only if TCP is enabled and NOT DYNAMIC! ForEach ($spn in $spns) { $ports = @() $ips = (($wmi.ServerInstances | Where-Object { $_.name -eq $spn.InstanceName }).ServerProtocols | Where-Object { $_.DisplayName -eq "TCP/IP" -and $_.IsEnabled -eq "True" }).IpAddresses $ipAllPort = $null ForEach ($ip in $ips) { if ($ip.Name -eq "IPAll") { $ipAllPort = ($ip.IPAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "TCPPort" }).Value if (($ip.IpAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "TcpDynamicPorts" }).Value -ne "") { $ipAllPort = ($ip.IPAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "TcpDynamicPorts" }).Value + "d" } } else { $enabled = ($ip.IPAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "Enabled" }).Value $active = ($ip.IPAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "Active" }).Value $TcpDynamicPorts = ($ip.IPAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "TcpDynamicPorts" }).Value if ($enabled -and $active -and $TcpDynamicPorts -eq "") { $ports += ($ip.IPAddressProperties | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq "TCPPort" }).Value } elseif ($enabled -and $active -and $TcpDynamicPorts -ne "") { $ports += $ipAllPort + "d" } } } if ($ipAllPort -ne "") { #IPAll overrides any set ports. Not sure why that's the way it is? $ports = $ipAllPort } $ports = $ports | Select-Object -Unique ForEach ($port in $ports) { $newspn = $spn.PSObject.Copy() if ($port -like "*d") { $newspn.Port = ($port.replace("d", "")) $newspn.RequiredSPN = $newspn.RequiredSPN.Replace($newSPN.InstanceName, $newspn.Port) $newspn.DynamicPort = $true $newspn.Warning = "Dynamic port is enabled" } else { #If this is a named instance, replace the instance name with a port number (for non-dynamic ported named instances) $newspn.Port = $port $newspn.DynamicPort = $false if ($newspn.InstanceName -eq "MSSQLSERVER") { $newspn.RequiredSPN = $newspn.RequiredSPN + ":" + $port } else { $newspn.RequiredSPN = $newspn.RequiredSPN.Replace($newSPN.InstanceName, $newspn.Port) } } $spns += $newspn } } $spns } Write-Message -Message "Attempting to connect to SQL WMI on remote computer" -Level Verbose try { $spns = Invoke-ManagedComputerCommand -ComputerName $ipaddr -ScriptBlock $Scriptblock -ArgumentList $computer.ComputerName, $hostentry, $computer.InstanceName -Credential $Credential -ErrorAction Stop } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Couldn't connect to $computer" -ErrorRecord $_ -Continue } #Now query AD for each required SPN foreach ($spn in $spns) { $searchfor = 'User' if ($spn.InstanceServiceAccount -eq 'LocalSystem' -or $spn.InstanceServiceAccount -like 'NT SERVICE\*') { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Virtual account detected, changing target registration to computername" $spn.InstanceServiceAccount = "$($resolved.Domain)\$($resolved.ComputerName)$" $searchfor = 'Computer' } $serviceAccount = $spn.InstanceServiceAccount # spare the cmdlet to search for the same account over and over if ($spn.InstanceServiceAccount -notin $resultcache.Keys) { Write-Message -Message "searching for $serviceAccount" -Level Verbose try { $result = Get-DbaADObject -ADObject $serviceAccount -Type $searchfor -Credential $Credential -Silent $resultcache[$spn.InstanceServiceAccount] = $result } catch { if (![System.String]::IsNullOrEmpty($spn.InstanceServiceAccount)) { Write-Message -Message "AD lookup failure. This may be because the domain cannot be resolved for the SQL Server service account ($serviceAccount)." -Level Warning } } } else { $result = $resultcache[$spn.InstanceServiceAccount] } if ($result.Count -gt 0) { try { $results = $result.GetUnderlyingObject() if ($results.Properties.servicePrincipalName -contains $spn.RequiredSPN) { $spn.IsSet = $true } } catch { Write-Message -Message "The SQL Service account ($serviceAccount) has been found, but you don't have enough permission to inspect its SPNs" -Level Warning continue } } else { Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "SQL Service account not found. Results may not be accurate." $spn continue } if (!$spn.IsSet -and $spn.TcpEnabled) { $spn.Error = "SPN missing" } $spn | Select-DefaultView -ExcludeProperty Credential, DomainName } } } } |