functions/Find-DbaOrphanedFile.ps1
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#ValidationTags#FlowControl,Pipeline# function Find-DbaOrphanedFile { <# .SYNOPSIS Find-DbaOrphanedFile finds orphaned database files. Orphaned database files are files not associated with any attached database. .DESCRIPTION This command searches all directories associated with SQL database files for database files that are not currently in use by the SQL Server instance. By default, it looks for orphaned .mdf, .ldf and .ndf files in the root\data directory, the default data path, the default log path, the system paths and any directory in use by any attached directory. You can specify additional filetypes using the -FileType parameter, and additional paths to search using the -Path parameter. .PARAMETER SqlInstance The SQL Server instance. You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2000 or higher. .PARAMETER SqlCredential Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins instead of Windows Authentication (AKA Integrated or Trusted). To use: $cred = Get-Credential, then pass this $cred to the -SqlCredential parameter. Windows Authentication will be used if SqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user. .PARAMETER Path Specifies one or more directories to search in addition to the default data and log directories. .PARAMETER FileType Specifies file extensions other than mdf, ldf and ndf to search for. Do not include the dot (".") when specifying the extension. .PARAMETER LocalOnly If this switch is enabled, only local filenames will be returned. Using this switch with multiple servers is not recommended since it does not return the associated server name. .PARAMETER RemoteOnly If this switch is enabled, only remote filenames will be returned. .PARAMETER EnableException By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message. This avoids overwhelming you with "sea of red" exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting. Using this switch turns this "nice by default" feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch. .NOTES Tags: DisasterRecovery, Orphan Author: Sander Stad (@sqlstad), sqlstad.nl Requires: sysadmin access on SQL Servers Website: https://dbatools.io Copyright: (C) Chrissy LeMaire, clemaire@gmail.com License: GNU GPL v3 https://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-3.0 Thanks to Paul Randal's notes on FILESTREAM which can be found at http://www.sqlskills.com/blogs/paul/filestream-directory-structure/ .LINK https://dbatools.io/Find-DbaOrphanedFile .EXAMPLE Find-DbaOrphanedFile -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a Connects to sqlserver2014a, authenticating with Windows credentials, and searches for orphaned files. Returns server name, local filename, and unc path to file. .EXAMPLE Find-DbaOrphanedFile -SqlInstance sqlserver2014a -SqlCredential $cred Connects to sqlserver2014a, authenticating with SQL Server authentication, and searches for orphaned files. Returns server name, local filename, and unc path to file. .EXAMPLE Find-DbaOrphanedFile -SqlInstance sql2014 -Path 'E:\Dir1', 'E:\Dir2' Finds the orphaned files in "E:\Dir1" and "E:Dir2" in addition to the default directories. .EXAMPLE Find-DbaOrphanedFile -SqlInstance sql2014 -LocalOnly Returns only the local filepaths for orphaned files. .EXAMPLE Find-DbaOrphanedFile -SqlInstance sql2014 -RemoteOnly Returns only the remote filepath for orphaned files. .EXAMPLE Find-DbaOrphanedFile -SqlInstance sql2014, sql2016 -FileType fsf, mld Finds the orphaned ending with ".fsf" and ".mld" in addition to the default filetypes ".mdf", ".ldf", ".ndf" for both the servers sql2014 and sql2016. #> [CmdletBinding()] Param ( [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer")] [DbaInstanceParameter]$SqlInstance, [parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [object]$SqlCredential, [parameter(Mandatory = $false)] [string[]]$Path, [string[]]$FileType, [switch]$LocalOnly, [switch]$RemoteOnly, [switch][Alias('Silent')]$EnableException ) begin { function Get-SQLDirTreeQuery { param($PathList) # use sysaltfiles in lower versions $q1 = "CREATE TABLE #enum ( id int IDENTITY, fs_filename nvarchar(512), depth int, is_file int, parent nvarchar(512) ); DECLARE @dir nvarchar(512);" $q2 = "SET @dir = 'dirname'; INSERT INTO #enum( fs_filename, depth, is_file ) EXEC xp_dirtree @dir, 1, 1; UPDATE #enum SET parent = @dir, fs_filename = ltrim(rtrim(fs_filename)) WHERE parent IS NULL;" $query_files_sql = "SELECT e.fs_filename AS filename, e.parent FROM #enum AS e WHERE e.fs_filename NOT IN( 'xtp', '5', '`$FSLOG', '`$HKv2', 'filestream.hdr' ) AND is_file = 1;" # build the query string based on how many directories they want to enumerate $sql = $q1 $sql += $($PathList | Where-Object { $_ -ne '' } | ForEach-Object { "$([System.Environment]::Newline)$($q2 -Replace 'dirname', $_)" }) $sql += $query_files_sql Write-Message -Level Debug -Message $sql return $sql } function Get-SqlFileStructure { param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 1)] [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.SqlSmoObject]$smoserver ) if ($smoserver.versionMajor -eq 8) { $sql = "select filename from sysaltfiles" } else { $sql = "select physical_name as filename from sys.master_files" } $dbfiletable = $smoserver.ConnectionContext.ExecuteWithResults($sql) $ftfiletable = $dbfiletable.Tables[0].Clone() $dbfiletable.Tables[0].TableName = "data" # Add support for Full Text Catalogs in Sql Server 2005 and below if ($server.VersionMajor -lt 10) { $databaselist = $smoserver.Databases | Select-Object -property Name, IsFullTextEnabled foreach ($db in $databaselist) { if ($db.IsFullTextEnabled -eq $false) { continue } $database = $db.name $fttable = $null = $smoserver.Databases[$database].ExecuteWithResults('sp_help_fulltext_catalogs') foreach ($ftc in $fttable.Tables[0].rows) { $null = $ftfiletable.Rows.add($ftc.Path) } } } $null = $dbfiletable.Tables.Add($ftfiletable) return $dbfiletable.Tables.Filename } function Format-Path { param ($path) $path = $path.Trim() #Thank you windows 2000 $path = $path -replace '[^A-Za-z0-9 _\.\-\\:]', '__' return $path } $FileType += "mdf", "ldf", "ndf" $systemfiles = "distmdl.ldf", "distmdl.mdf", "mssqlsystemresource.ldf", "mssqlsystemresource.mdf" $FileTypeComparison = $FileType | ForEach-Object {$_.ToLower()} | Where-Object { $_ } | Sort-Object | Get-Unique } process { foreach ($instance in $SqlInstance) { try { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "Connecting to $instance" $server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $instance -SqlCredential $sqlcredential } catch { Stop-Function -Message "Failure" -Category ConnectionError -ErrorRecord $_ -Target $instance -Continue } # Reset all the arrays $dirtreefiles = $valid = $paths = $matching = @() $filestructure = Get-SqlFileStructure $server # Get any paths associated with current data and log files foreach ($file in $filestructure) { $paths += Split-Path -Path $file -Parent } # Get the default data and log directories from the instance Write-Message -Level Debug -Message "Adding paths" $paths += $server.RootDirectory + "\DATA" $paths += Get-SqlDefaultPaths $server data $paths += Get-SqlDefaultPaths $server log $paths += $server.MasterDBPath $paths += $server.MasterDBLogPath $paths += $Path $paths = $paths | ForEach-Object { "$_".TrimEnd("\") } | Sort-Object | Get-Unique $sql = Get-SQLDirTreeQuery $paths $datatable = $server.Databases['master'].ExecuteWithResults($sql).Tables[0] foreach ($row in $datatable) { $fullpath = [IO.Path]::combine($row.parent, $row.filename) $dirtreefiles += [pscustomobject]@{ FullPath = $fullpath Comparison = [IO.Path]::GetFullPath($(Format-Path $fullpath)) } } $dirtreefiles = $dirtreefiles | Where-Object { $_ } | Sort-Object Comparison -Unique foreach ($file in $filestructure) { $valid += [IO.Path]::GetFullPath($(Format-Path $file)) } $valid = $valid | Sort-Object | Get-Unique foreach ($file in $dirtreefiles.Comparison) { foreach ($type in $FileTypeComparison) { if ($file.ToLower().EndsWith($type)) { $matching += $file break } } } $dirtreematcher = @{} foreach ($el in $dirtreefiles) { $dirtreematcher[$el.Comparison] = $el.Fullpath } foreach ($file in $matching) { if ($file -notin $valid) { $fullpath = $dirtreematcher[$file] $filename = Split-Path $fullpath -Leaf if ($filename -in $systemfiles) { continue } $result = [pscustomobject]@{ Server = $server.name ComputerName = $server.NetName InstanceName = $server.ServiceName SqlInstance = $server.DomainInstanceName Filename = $fullpath RemoteFilename = Join-AdminUnc -Servername $server.netname -Filepath $fullpath } if ($LocalOnly -eq $true) { ($result | Select-Object filename).filename continue } if ($RemoteOnly -eq $true) { ($result | Select-Object remotefilename).remotefilename continue } $result | Select-DefaultView -Property ComputerName, InstanceName, SqlInstance, Filename, RemoteFilename } } } } end { if ($result.count -eq 0) { Write-Message -Level Verbose -Message "No orphaned files found" } } } |