functions/Set-DbaDatabaseState.ps1
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Function Set-DbaDatabaseState { <# .SYNOPSIS Sets various options for databases, hereby called "states" .DESCRIPTION Sets some common "states" on databases: - "RW" options (ReadOnly, ReadWrite) - "Status" options (Online, Offline, Emergency, plus a special "Detached") - "Access" options (SingleUser, RestrictedUser, MultiUser) Returns an object with SqlInstance, Database, RW, Status, Access, Notes Notes gets filled when something went wrong setting the state .PARAMETER SqlInstance The SQL Server that you're connecting to .PARAMETER Credential Credential object used to connect to the SQL Server as a different user .PARAMETER Database Sets options only on these databases .PARAMETER Exclude Sets options for all but these specific databases .PARAMETER AllDatabases This is a parameter that was included for safety, so you don't accidentally set options on all databases without specifying .PARAMETER ReadOnly RW Option : Sets the database as READ_ONLY .PARAMETER ReadWrite RW Option : Sets the database as READ_WRITE .PARAMETER Online Status Option : Sets the database as ONLINE .PARAMETER Offline Status Option : Sets the database as OFFLINE .PARAMETER Emergency Status Option : Sets the database as EMERGENCY .PARAMETER Detached Status Option : Detaches the database .PARAMETER SingleUser Access Option : Sets the database as SINGLE_USER .PARAMETER RestrictedUser Access Option : Sets the database as RESTRICTED_USER .PARAMETER MultiUser Access Option : Sets the database as MULTI_USER .PARAMETER WhatIf Shows what would happen if the command were to run. No actions are actually performed. .PARAMETER Confirm Prompts you for confirmation before executing any changing operations within the command. .PARAMETER Force For most options, this translates to istantly rolling back any open transactions that may be stopping the process. For -Detached it is required to break mirroring and Availability Groups .PARAMETER SmoDatabase Internal parameter for piped objects - this will likely go away once we move to better dynamic parameters .NOTES Author: niphlod dbatools PowerShell module (https://dbatools.io) Copyright (C) 2016 Chrissy LeMaire This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/. .LINK https://dbatools.io/Set-DbaDatabaseState .EXAMPLE Set-DbaDatabaseState -SqlServer sqlserver2014a -Database HR -Offline Sets the HR database as OFFLINE .EXAMPLE Set-DbaDatabaseState -SqlServer sqlserver2014a -AllDatabases -Exclude HR -Readonly -Force Sets all databases of the sqlserver2014a instance, except for HR, as READ_ONLY .EXAMPLE Get-DbaDatabaseState -SqlInstance sql2016 | Where-Object Status -eq 'Offline' | Set-DbaDatabaseState -Online Finds all offline databases and sets them to online .EXAMPLE Set-DbaDatabaseState -SqlServer sqlserver2014a -Database HR -SingleUser Sets the HR database as SINGLE_USER .EXAMPLE Set-DbaDatabaseState -SqlServer sqlserver2014a -Database HR -SingleUser -Force Sets the HR database as SINGLE_USER, dropping all other connections (and rolling back open transactions) #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "Default", SupportsShouldProcess = $true)] Param ( [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName, ParameterSetName = "Server")] [Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer")] [object[]]$SqlInstance, [PSCredential][System.Management.Automation.CredentialAttribute()] $Credential, [switch]$AllDatabases, [switch]$ReadOnly, [switch]$ReadWrite, [switch]$Online, [switch]$Offline, [switch]$Emergency, [switch]$Detached, [switch]$SingleUser, [switch]$RestrictedUser, [switch]$MultiUser, [switch]$Force, [parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline, ParameterSetName = "Database")] [PsCustomObject[]]$SmoDatabase ) DynamicParam { if ($SqlInstance) { Get-ParamSqlDatabases -SqlInstance $SqlInstance[0] -SqlCredential $Credential -NoSystem } } BEGIN { $databases = $psboundparameters.Databases $exclude = $psboundparameters.Exclude function Get-WrongCombo($optset, $allparams) { $x = 0 foreach ($opt in $optset) { if ($allparams.ContainsKey($opt)) { $x += 1 } } if ($x -gt 1) { $msg = $optset -Join ',-' $msg = "You can only specify one of: -" + $msg throw $msg } } function Edit-DatabaseState($sqlinstance, $dbname, $opt, $immediate = $false) { $warn = $null $sql = "ALTER DATABASE [$dbname] SET $opt" if ($immediate) { $sql += " WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE" } else { $sql += " WITH NO_WAIT" } try { Write-Verbose $sql if ($immediate) { # this can be helpful only for SINGLE_USER databases # but since $immediate is called, it does no more harm # than the immediate rollback $sqlinstance.KillAllProcesses($dbname) } $null = $sqlinstance.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery($sql) } catch { Write-Exception $_ $warn = "Failed to set '$dbname' to $opt" Write-Warning $warn } return $warn } $UserAccessHash = @{ 'Single' = 'SINGLE_USER' 'Restricted' = 'RESTRICTED_USER' 'Multiple' = 'MULTI_USER' } $ReadOnlyHash = @{ $true = 'READ_ONLY' $false = 'READ_WRITE' } $StatusHash = @{ 'Offline' = 'OFFLINE' 'Normal' = 'ONLINE' 'EmergencyMode' = 'EMERGENCY' } function Get-DbState($db) { $base = [PSCustomObject]@{ 'Access' = $null 'Status' = $null 'RW' = $null } $base.RW = $ReadOnlyHash[$db.ReadOnly] $base.Access = $UserAccessHash[$db.UserAccess.toString()] foreach ($status in $StatusHash.Keys) { if ($db.Status -match $status) { $base.Status = $StatusHash[$status] break } } return $base } $RWExclusive = @('ReadOnly', 'ReadWrite') $StatusExclusive = @('Online', 'Offline', 'Emergency', 'Detached') $AccessExclusive = @('SingleUser', 'RestrictedUser', 'MultiUser') $allparams = $PSBoundParameters Get-WrongCombo -optset $RWExclusive -allparams $allparams Get-WrongCombo -optset $StatusExclusive -allparams $allparams Get-WrongCombo -optset $AccessExclusive -allparams $allparams $dbs = @() } PROCESS { # use PROCESS to gather info, and END to execute on it if ($databases.Length -eq 0 -and $AllDatabases -eq $false -and !$smodatabase) { throw "You must specify a -AllDatabases or -Database to continue" } if ($smodatabase) { $dbs += $smodatabase.Database } else { foreach ($instance in $SqlInstance) { Write-Verbose "Connecting to $instance" try { $server = Connect-SqlServer -SqlServer $instance -SqlCredential $Credential } catch { Write-Warning "Can't connect to $instance" Continue } $all_dbs = $server.Databases $dbs += $all_dbs | Where-Object { @('master', 'model', 'msdb', 'tempdb', 'distribution') -notcontains $_.Name } if ($databases.count -gt 0) { $dbs = $dbs | Where-Object { $databases -contains $_.Name } } if ($exclude.count -gt 0) { $dbs = $dbs | Where-Object { $exclude -notcontains $_.Name } } } } } END { if ($Detached -eq $true) { # we need to see what snaps are on the server, as base databases cannot be dropped $snaps = $dbs | Where-Object { $_.DatabaseSnapshotBaseName.Length -gt 0 } $snaps = $snaps | Select-Object -ExpandProperty DatabaseSnapshotBaseName | Get-Unique } # need to pick up here foreach ($db in $dbs) { $db_status = Get-DbState $db # normalizing properties returned by SMO to something more "fixed" $warn = @() if ($db.DatabaseSnapshotBaseName.Length -gt 0) { Write-Warning "Database $db is a snapshot, skipping" Continue } if (!$Force) { if ($ReadOnly, $Offline, $Emergency, $SingleUser, $RestrictedUser, $Detached -contains $true) { if (Get-DbaProcess -SqlServer $server -SqlCredential $Credential -Databases $db.name) { Write-Warning "Users are currently connected to the database $db and Force was not specified. Skipping." continue } } } if ($ReadOnly -eq $true) { if ($db_status.RW -eq 'READ_ONLY') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already READ_ONLY" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to READ_ONLY")) { Write-Verbose "Setting database $db to READ_ONLY" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "READ_ONLY" -immediate $Force } } } if ($ReadWrite -eq $true) { if ($db_status.RW -eq 'READ_WRITE') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already READ_WRITE" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to READ_WRITE")) { Write-Verbose "Setting database $db to READ_WRITE" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "READ_WRITE" -immediate $Force } } } if ($Online -eq $true) { if ($db_status.Status -eq 'ONLINE') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already ONLINE" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to ONLINE")) { Write-Verbose "Setting database $db to ONLINE" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "ONLINE" -immediate $Force } } } if ($Offline -eq $true) { if ($db_status.Status -eq 'OFFLINE') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already OFFLINE" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to OFFLINE")) { Write-Verbose "Setting database $db to OFFLINE" $warn = Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "OFFLINE" -immediate $Force } } } if ($Emergency -eq $true) { if ($db_status.Status -eq 'EMERGENCY') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already EMERGENCY" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to EMERGENCY")) { Write-Verbose "Setting database $db to EMERGENCY" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "EMERGENCY" -immediate $Force } } } if ($SingleUser -eq $true) { if ($db_status.Access -eq 'SINGLE_USER') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already SINGLE_USER" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to SINGLE_USER")) { Write-Verbose "Setting $db to SINGLE_USER" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "SINGLE_USER" -immediate $Force } } } if ($RestrictedUser -eq $true) { if ($db_status.Access -eq 'RESTRICTED_USER') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already RESTRICTED_USER" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to RESTRICTED_USER")) { Write-Verbose "Setting $db to RESTRICTED_USER" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "RESTRICTED_USER" -immediate $Force } } } if ($MultiUser -eq $true) { if ($db_status.Access -eq 'MULTI_USER') { Write-Verbose "Database $db is already MULTI_USER" } else { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Set $db to MULTI_USER")) { Write-Verbose "Setting $db to MULTI_USER" $warn += Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "MULTI_USER" -immediate $Force } } } # Refresh info about database state here (before detaching) $db.Refresh() if ($Detached -eq $true) { if ($db.Name -in $snaps) { Write-Warning "Database $db has snapshots, you need to drop them before detaching, skipping..." Continue } if ($db.IsMirroringEnabled -eq $true -or $db.AvailabilityGroupName.Length -gt 0) { if ($Force -eq $false) { Write-Warning "Needs -Force to detach $db, skipping" Continue } } if ($db.IsMirroringEnabled) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Break mirroring for $db")) { try { $db.ChangeMirroringState([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.MirroringOption]::Off) $db.Alter() $db.Refresh() Write-Verbose "Broke mirroring for $db" } catch { Write-Warning "Could not break mirror for $db. Skipping." Write-Exception $_ Continue } } } if ($database.AvailabilityGroupName.Length -gt 0) { $agname = $db.AvailabilityGroupName If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Removing $db from AG [$agname]")) { try { $server.AvailabilityGroups[$db.AvailabilityGroupName].AvailabilityDatabases[$db.Name].Drop() Write-Verbose "Successfully removed $db from AG [$agname] on $server" } catch { Write-Warning "Could not remove $db from AG [$agname] on $server" Write-Exception $_ Continue } } } # DBA 101 should encourage detaching just OFFLINE databases # we can do that here If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($instance, "Detaching $db")) { if ($db_status.Status -ne 'OFFLINE') { $opstatus = Edit-DatabaseState -sqlinstance $server -dbname $db.Name -opt "OFFLINE" -immediate $true } try { $sql = "EXEC master.dbo.sp_detach_db N$db" Write-Verbose $sql $null = $server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery($sql) $newstate.Status = 'DETACHED' } catch { Write-Exception $_ Write-Warning "Failed to detach $db" $warn += "Failed to detach" } } } if ($warn.Count -gt 0) { $warn = $warn | Get-Unique $warn = $warn -Join ';' } else { $warn = $null } $db.Refresh() $newstate = Get-DbState $db [PSCustomObject]@{ SqlInstance = $server.Name InstanceName = $server.ServiceName ComputerName = $server.NetName DatabaseName = $db.Name RW = $newstate.RW Status = $newstate.Status Access = $newstate.Access Notes = $warn Database = $db } | Select-DefaultView -ExcludeProperty Database } } } |