functions/Backup-DbaDatabase.ps1
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Function Backup-DbaDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Backup one or more SQL Sever databases from a SQL Server SqlInstance .DESCRIPTION Performs a backup of a specified type of 1 or more databases on a SQL Server Instance. These backups may be Full, Differential or Transaction log backups .PARAMETER SqlInstance The SQL Server instance hosting the databases to be backed up .PARAMETER SqlCredential Credentials to connect to the SQL Server instance if the calling user doesn't have permission .PARAMETER Databases Names of the databases to be backed up. This is auto-populated from the server. .PARAMETER BackupFileName name of the file to backup to. This is only accepted for single database backups If no name is specified then the backup files will be named DatabaseName_yyyyMMddHHmm (ie; Database1_201714022131) with the appropriate extension. If the same name is used repeatedly, SQL Server will add backups to the same file at an incrementing position Sql Server needs permissions to write to the location. Path names are based on the Sql Server (c:\ is the c drive on the SQL Server, not the machine running the script) .PARAMETER BackupDirectory Path to place the backup files. If not specified the backups will be placed in the default backup location for SQLInstance If multiple paths are specified, the backups will be stiped across these locations. This will overwrite the FileCount option If path does not exist Sql Server will attmept to create it. Folders are created by the Sql Instance, and checks will be made for write permissions File Names with be suffixed with x-of-y to enable identifying striped sets, where y is the number of files in the set and x is from 1 to you .PARAMETER NoCopyOnly By default function performs a Copy Only backup. These backups do not intefere with the restore chain of the database, so are safe to take. This switch indicates that you wish to take normal backups. Be aware that these WILL break your restore chains, so use at your own risk For more details please refer to this MSDN article - https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191495.aspx .PARAMETER Type The type of SQL Server backup to perform. Accepted values are Full, Log, Differential, Diff, Database .PARAMETER DatabaseCollection Internal parameter .NOTES Tags: DisasterRecovery, Backup, Restore Original Author: Stuart Moore (@napalmgram), stuart-moore.com dbatools PowerShell module (https://dbatools.io, clemaire@gmail.com) Copyright (C) 2016 Chrissy LeMaire This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. .EXAMPLE Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance Server1 -Databases HR, Finance This will perform a full database backup on the databases HR and Finance on SQL Server Instance Server1 to Server1's default backup directory .EXAMPLE Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance sql2016 -BackupDirectory C:\temp -Databases AdventureWorks2014 -Type Full Backs up AdventureWorks2014 to sql2016's C:\temp folder #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "Default")] param ( [parameter(ParameterSetName = "NoPipe", Mandatory = $true)] [object[]]$SqlInstance, [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$SqlCredential, [string]$BackupDirectory, [string]$BackupFileName, [switch]$NoCopyOnly, [ValidateSet('Full', 'Log', 'Differential', 'Diff', 'Database')] [string]$Type = "Database", [parameter(ParameterSetName = "Pipe", Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [object[]]$DatabaseCollection ) DynamicParam { if ($SqlInstance) { return Get-ParamSqlDatabases -SqlServer $SqlInstance[0] -SqlCredential $SqlCredential } } BEGIN { $FunctionName = $FunctionName = (Get-PSCallstack)[0].Command if ($SqlInstance.length -ne 0) { $databases = $psboundparameters.Databases Write-Verbose "Connecting to $SqlInstance" try { $Server = Connect-SqlServer -SqlServer $SqlInstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential } catch { Write-Warning "$FunctionName - Cannot connect to $SqlInstance" continue } $DatabaseCollection = $server.Databases | Where-Object { $_.Name -in $databases } if ($BackupDirectory.count -gt 1) { $Filecount = $BackupDirectory.count } if ($database.count -gt 1 -and $BackupFileName) { Write-Warning "$FunctionName - 1 BackupFile specified, but more than 1 database." break } } } PROCESS { if (!$SqlInstance -and !$DatabaseCollection) { Write-Warning "You must specify a server and database or pipe some databases" continue } Write-Verbose "$FunctionName - $($database.count) database to backup" ForEach ($Database in $databasecollection) { if ($server -eq $null) { $server = $Database.Parent } $FailReasons = @() Write-Verbose "$FunctionName - Backup up database $database" if ($Database.RecoveryModel -eq $null) { $Database.RecoveryModel = $server.databases[$Database.Name].RecoveryModel Write-Verbose "$($DataBase.Name) is in $($Database.RecoveryModel) recovery model" } if ($Database.RecoveryModel -eq 'Simple' -and $Type -eq 'Log') { $FailReason = "$($Database.Name) is in simple recovery mode, cannot take log backup" $FailReasons += $FailReason Write-Warning "$FunctionName - $FailReason" } $lastfull = $database.LastBackupDate.Year if ($Type -ne "Full" -and $lastfull -eq 1) { $FailReason = "$($Database.Name) does not have an existing full backup, cannot take log or differentialbackup" $FailReasons += $FailReason Write-Warning "$FunctionName - $FailReason" } $val = 0 $copyonly = !$NoCopyOnly $server.ConnectionContext.StatementTimeout = 0 $backup = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup $backup.Database = $Database.Name $Suffix = "bak" if ($type -in 'diff', 'differential') { Write-Verbose "Creating differential backup" $type = "Database" $backup.Incremental = $true } if ($Type -eq "Log") { Write-Verbose "Creating log backup" $Suffix = "trn" } if ($type -eq 'Full') { $type = "Database" } $backup.CopyOnly = $copyonly $backup.Action = $type Write-Verbose "$FunctionName - Sorting Paths" #If a backupfilename has made it this far, use it $FinalBackupPath = @() if ($BackupFileName) { if ($BackupFileName -notlike "*:*") { if (!$BackupDirectory) { $BackupDirectory = $server.BackupDirectory } $BackupFileName = "$BackupDirectory\$BackupFileName" } Write-Verbose "$FunctionName - Single db and filename" if (Test-SqlPath -SqlServer $server -Path (Split-Path $BackupFileName)) { $FinalBackupPath += $BackupFileName } else { $FailReason = "Sql Server cannot write to the location $(Split-Path $BackupFileName)" $FailReasons += $FailReason Write-Warning "$FunctionName - $FailReason" } } else { if (!$BackupDirectory) { $BackupDirectory = $server.BackupDirectory } $TimeStamp = (Get-date -Format yyyyMMddHHmm) Foreach ($path in $BackupDirectory) { if ($CreateFolder) { $Path = $path + "\" + $Database.name if ((New-DbaSqlDirectory -SqlServer:$SqlInstance -SqlCredential:$SqlCredential -Path $path) -eq $false) { $FailReason = "Cannot create or write to folder $path" $FailReasons += $FailReason Write-Warning "$FunctionName - $FailReason" } } else { $FinaLBackupPath += "$BackupDirectory\$(($Database.name).trim())_$Timestamp.$suffix" } } } Write-Verbose "before failreasons" if ($FailReasons.count -eq 0) { $val = 1 if (($FinalBackupPath.count -gt 1) -or $BackupDirectory) { $filecount = $FinalBackupPath.count foreach ($backupfile in $FinalBackupPath) { $device = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem $device.DeviceType = "File" if ($filecount -gt 1) { $device.Name = $backupfile #.Replace(".$suffix", "-$val-of-$filecount.$suffix") } else { $device.Name = $backupfile #.Replace(".$suffix", "-$val.$suffix") } $backup.Devices.Add($device) $val++ } } else { while ($val -lt ($filecount + 1)) { $device = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem $device.DeviceType = "File" if ($filecount -gt 1) { Write-Verbose "$FunctionName - adding stripes" $tFinalBackupPath = $FinalBackupPath #.Replace(".$suffix", "-$val-of-$filecount.$suffix") } $device.Name = $tFinalBackupPath Write-Verbose $tFinalBackupPath $backup.Devices.Add($device) $val++ } } Write-Verbose "$FunctionName - Devices added" $percent = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.PercentCompleteEventHandler] { Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backing up database $($Database.Name) to $backupfile" -percentcomplete $_.Percent -status ([System.String]::Format("Progress: {0} %", $_.Percent)) } $backup.add_PercentComplete($percent) $backup.PercentCompleteNotification = 1 $backup.add_Complete($complete) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backing up database $($Database.Name) to $backupfile" -percentcomplete 0 -status ([System.String]::Format("Progress: {0} %", 0)) try { $backup.SqlBackup($server) $Tsql = $backup.Script($server) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backing up database $($Database.Name) to $backupfile" -status "Complete" -Completed $BackupComplete = $true } catch { Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backup" -status "Failed" -completed Write-Exception $_ $BackupComplete = $false } } if ($FailReasons.length -eq 0) { [PSCustomObject]@{ SqlInstance = $server.name DatabaseName = $($Database.Name) BackupComplete = $BackupComplete BackupFilesCount = $filecount BackupFile = (split-path $backup.Devices.name -leaf) BackupFolder = (split-path $backup.Devices.name) BackupPath = ($backup.Devices.name) Script = $Tsql Notes = $FailReasons -join (',') } } else { [PSCustomObject]@{ SqlInstance = $server.name DatabaseName = $($Database.Name) BackupComplete = $false Notes = $FailReasons -join (',') } $failreasones =@() } } } } <# [int]$FileCount = 1, [switch]$CreateFolder, .PARAMETER FileCount Number of files to stripe each backup across if a single BackupDirectory is provided. File Names with be suffixed with x-of-y to enable identifying striped sets, where y is the number of files in the set and x is from 1 to you .PARAMETER CreateFolder Switch to indicate that a folder should be created under each folder for each database if it doesn't already existing Folders are created by the Sql Instance, and checks will be made for write permissions .EXAMPLE Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance Server1 -Databases HR,Finance -Type Full -BackupDirectory \\server2\backups,\\server3\backups -CreateFolder This will perform a full Copy Only database backup on the databases HR and Finance on SQL Server Instance Server1 striping the files across the 2 fileshares, creaing folders for each database .EXAMPLE Get-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance localhost\sqlexpress2016 -Status Normal -Exclude tempdb | Backup-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance localhost\sqlexpress2016 -Type diff -BackupDirectory d:\backups,e:\backups -CreateFolder Backs up every database in a normal start on localhost\sqlexpress2016, striping the backups across d:\backups and e:\backups for improved performance. Each DB has it's own folder under each of the backup paths #> |