functions/Copy-SqlDatabase.ps1
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Function Copy-SqlDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Migrates Sql Server databases from one Sql Server to another. .DESCRIPTION This script provides the ability to migrate databases using detach/copy/attach or backup/restore. This script works with named instances, clusters and Sql Express. By default, databases will be migrated to the destination Sql Server's default data and log directories. You can override this by specifying -ReuseSourceFolderStructure. Filestreams and filegroups are also migrated. Safety is emphasized. THIS CODE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITH NO WARRANTIES. .PARAMETER Source Source SQL Server.You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2000 or greater. .PARAMETER Destination Destination Sql Server. You must have sysadmin access and server version must be SQL Server version 2000 or greater. .PARAMETER SourceSqlCredential Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins as opposed to Windows Auth/Integrated/Trusted. To use: $scred = Get-Credential, this pass $scred object to the param. Windows Authentication will be used if DestinationSqlCredential is not specified. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user. .PARAMETER DestinationSqlCredential Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins as opposed to Windows Auth/Integrated/Trusted. To use: $dcred = Get-Credential, this pass this $dcred to the param. Windows Authentication will be used if DestinationSqlCredential is not specified. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user. .PARAMETER AllDatabases This is a parameter that was included for safety, so you don't accidentally detach/attach all databases without specifying. Migrates user databases. Does not migrate system or support databases. Requires -BackupRestore or -DetachAttach. .PARAMETER IncludeSupportDbs Migration of ReportServer, ReportServerTempDb, SSIDb, and distribution databases if they exist. A logfile named $SOURCE-$DESTINATION-$date-Sqls.csv will be written to the current directory. Requires -BackupRestore or -DetachAttach. .PARAMETER BackupRestore Use the a Copy-Only Backup and Restore Method. This parameter requires that you specify -NetworkShare in a valid UNC format (\\server\share) .PARAMETER DetachAttach Uses the detach/copy/attach method to perform database migrations. No files are deleted on the source. If the destination attachment fails, the source database will be reattached. File copies are performed over administrative shares (\\server\x$\mssql) using BITS. If a database is being mirrored, the mirror will be broken prior to migration. .PARAMETER Reattach Reattaches all source databases after DetachAttach migration. .PARAMETER ReuseSourceFolderStructure By default, databases will be migrated to the destination Sql Server's default data and log directories. You can override this by specifying -ReuseSourceFolderStructure. The same structure on the SOURCE will be kept exactly, so consider this if you're migrating between different versions and use part of Microsoft's default Sql structure (MSSql12.INSTANCE, etc) * note, to reuse destination folder structure, specify -WithReplace .PARAMETER NetworkShare Specifies the network location for the backup files. The Sql Service service accounts must read/write permission to access this location. .PARAMETER Exclude Excludes specified databases when performing -AllDatabases migrations. This list is auto-populated for tab completion. .PARAMETER Database Migrates ONLY specified databases. This list is auto-populated for tab completion. Multiple databases are allowed. .PARAMETER SetSourceReadOnly Sets all migrated databases to ReadOnly prior to detach/attach & backup/restore. If -Reattach is used, db is set to read-only after reattach. .PARAMETER NoRecovery Sets restore to NoRecovery. Ideal for staging. .PARAMETER WithReplace It's exactly WITH REPLACE. This is useful if you want to stage some complex file paths. .PARAMETER CsvLog Outputs a log in CSV format .PARAMETER Force Drops existing databases with matching names. If using -DetachAttach, -Force will break mirrors and drop dbs from Availability Groups. .NOTES Author: Chrissy LeMaire (@cl), netnerds.net Requires: sysadmin access on SQL Servers Limitations: Doesn't cover what it doesn't cover (replication, certificates, etc) Sql Server 2000 databases cannot be directly migrated to Sql Server 2012 and above. Logins within Sql Server 2012 and above logins cannot be migrated to Sql Server 2008 R2 and below. dbatools PowerShell module (https://dbatools.io, clemaire@gmail.com) Copyright (C) 2016 Chrissy LeMaire This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. .LINK https://dbatools.io/Copy-SqlDatabase .EXAMPLE Copy-SqlDatabase -Source sqlserver2014a -Destination sqlcluster -DetachAttach -Reattach Description Databases will be migrated from sqlserver2014a to sqlcluster using the detach/copy files/attach method.The following will be perfomed: kick all users out of the database, detach all data/log files, move files across the network over an admin share (\\SqlSERVER\M$\MSSql...), attach file on destination server, reattach at source. If the database files (*.mdf, *.ndf, *.ldf) on *destination* exist and aren't in use, they will be overwritten. .EXAMPLE Copy-SqlDatabase -Source sqlserver2014a -Destination sqlcluster -Exclude Northwind, pubs -IncludeSupportDbs -Force -BackupRestore \\fileshare\sql\migration Description Migrates all user databases except for Northwind and pubs by using backup/restore (copy-only). Backup files are stored in \\fileshare\sql\migration. If the database exists on the destination, it will be dropped prior to attach. It also includes the support databases (ReportServer, ReportServerTempDb, distribution). #> [CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName = "DbMigration", SupportsShouldProcess = $true)] Param ( [parameter(Position = 1, Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $True)] [object]$Source, [parameter(Position = 2, Mandatory = $true)] [object]$Destination, # Skips to 4 because dynamic param Databases is su pposed to go here but it doesn't work. [Alias("All")] [parameter(Position = 4, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(Position = 4, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch]$AllDatabases, [parameter(Position = 5, Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch]$DetachAttach, [parameter(Position = 6, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch]$Reattach, [parameter(Position = 7, Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch]$BackupRestore, [parameter(Position = 8, Mandatory = $true, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup", HelpMessage = "Specify a valid network share in the format \\server\share that can be accessed by your account and both Sql Server service accounts.")] [string]$NetworkShare, [parameter(Position = 9, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch]$WithReplace, [parameter(Position = 10, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [switch]$NoRecovery, [parameter(Position = 11, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(Position = 12, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch]$SetSourceReadOnly, [Alias("ReuseFolderstructure")] [parameter(Position = 13, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(Position = 14, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch]$ReuseSourceFolderStructure, [parameter(Position = 15, ParameterSetName = "DbBackup")] [parameter(Position = 16, ParameterSetName = "DbAttachDetach")] [switch]$IncludeSupportDbs, [parameter(Position = 17)] [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$SourceSqlCredential, [parameter(Position = 18)] [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential]$DestinationSqlCredential, [parameter(Position = 19)] [switch]$Force, [parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)] [object]$pipedatabase ) DynamicParam { if ($source) { return Get-ParamSqlDatabases -SqlServer $source -SqlCredential $SourceSqlCredential } } BEGIN { # Global Database Function Function Get-SqlFileStructure { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 0)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$sourceserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true, Position = 1)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$destserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, Position = 2)] [bool]$ReuseSourceFolderStructure ) $sourceserver = Connect-SqlServer -SqlServer $Source -SqlCredential $SourceSqlCredential $destserver = Connect-SqlServer -SqlServer $Destination -SqlCredential $DestinationSqlCredential $sourcenetbios = Resolve-NetBiosName $sourceserver $destnetbios = Resolve-NetBiosName $destserver $dbcollection = @{ }; foreach ($db in $sourceserver.databases) { $dbstatus = $db.status.toString() if ($dbstatus.StartsWith("Normal") -eq $false) { continue } $destinationfiles = @{ }; $sourcefiles = @{ } # Data Files foreach ($filegroup in $db.filegroups) { foreach ($file in $filegroup.files) { # Destination File Structure $d = @{ } if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $d.physical = $file.filename } else { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destserver data $filename = Split-Path $($file.filename) -leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$filename" } $d.logical = $file.name $d.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $destnetbios $d.physical $destinationfiles.add($file.name, $d) # Source File Structure $s = @{ } $s.logical = $file.name $s.physical = $file.filename $s.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $sourcenetbios $s.physical $sourcefiles.add($file.name, $s) } } # Add support for Full Text Catalogs in Sql Server 2005 and below if ($sourceserver.VersionMajor -lt 10) { foreach ($ftc in $db.FullTextCatalogs) { # Destination File Structure $d = @{ } $pre = "sysft_" $name = $ftc.name $physical = $ftc.RootPath $logical = "$pre$name" if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $d.physical = $physical } else { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destserver data if ($destserver.VersionMajor -lt 10) { $directory = "$directory\FTDATA" } $filename = Split-Path($physical) -leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$filename" } $d.logical = $logical $d.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $destnetbios $d.physical $destinationfiles.add($logical, $d) # Source File Structure $s = @{ } $pre = "sysft_" $name = $ftc.name $physical = $ftc.RootPath $logical = "$pre$name" $s.logical = $logical $s.physical = $physical $s.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $sourcenetbios $s.physical $sourcefiles.add($logical, $s) } } # Log Files foreach ($file in $db.logfiles) { $d = @{ } if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $d.physical = $file.filename } else { $directory = Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destserver log $filename = Split-Path $($file.filename) -leaf $d.physical = "$directory\$filename" } $d.logical = $file.name $d.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $destnetbios $d.physical $destinationfiles.add($file.name, $d) $s = @{ } $s.logical = $file.name $s.physical = $file.filename $s.remotefilename = Join-AdminUNC $sourcenetbios $s.physical $sourcefiles.add($file.name, $s) } $location = @{ } $location.add("Destination", $destinationfiles) $location.add("Source", $sourcefiles) $dbcollection.Add($($db.name), $location) } $filestructure = [pscustomobject]@{ "databases" = $dbcollection } return $filestructure } # Backup Restore Function Backup-SqlDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$server, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$backupfile ) $server.ConnectionContext.StatementTimeout = 0 $backup = New-Object "Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Backup" $backup.Action = "Database" $backup.CopyOnly = $true $device = New-Object "Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem" $device.DeviceType = "File" $device.Name = $backupfile $backup.Devices.Add($device) $backup.Database = $dbname $percent = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.PercentCompleteEventHandler] { Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backing up database $dbname to $backupfile" -percentcomplete $_.Percent -status ([System.String]::Format("Progress: {0} %", $_.Percent)) } $backup.add_PercentComplete($percent) $backup.add_Complete($complete) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backing up database $dbname to $backupfile" -percentcomplete 0 -status ([System.String]::Format("Progress: {0} %", 0)) Write-Output "Backing up $dbname" try { $backup.SqlBackup($server) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backing up database $dbname to $backupfile" -status "Complete" -Completed Write-Output "Backup succeeded" return $true } catch { Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Backup" -status "Failed" -completed Write-Exception $_ return $false } } Function Restore-SqlDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$server, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$backupfile, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$filestructure ) $servername = $server.name $server.ConnectionContext.StatementTimeout = 0 $restore = New-Object "Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Restore" if ($WithReplace -eq $false -or $server.databases[$dbname] -eq $null) { foreach ($file in $filestructure.databases[$dbname].destination.values) { $movefile = New-Object "Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile" $movefile.LogicalFileName = $file.logical $movefile.PhysicalFileName = $file.physical $null = $restore.RelocateFiles.Add($movefile) } } Write-Output "Restoring $dbname to $servername" try { $percent = [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.PercentCompleteEventHandler] { Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Restoring $dbname to $servername" -percentcomplete $_.Percent -status ([System.String]::Format("Progress: {0} %", $_.Percent)) } $restore.add_PercentComplete($percent) $restore.PercentCompleteNotification = 1 $restore.add_Complete($complete) $restore.ReplaceDatabase = $true $restore.Database = $dbname $restore.Action = "Database" $restore.NoRecovery = $NoRecovery $device = New-Object -TypeName Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.BackupDeviceItem $device.name = $backupfile $device.devicetype = "File" $restore.Devices.Add($device) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Restoring $dbname to $servername" -percentcomplete 0 -status ([System.String]::Format("Progress: {0} %", 0)) $restore.sqlrestore($server) Write-Progress -id 1 -activity "Restoring $dbname to $servername" -status "Complete" -Completed return $true } catch { write-warning "Restore failed: $($_.Exception.InnerException.Message)" Write-Exception $_ return $false } } Function Start-SqlBackupRestore { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$sourceserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$destserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [ValidateScript({ Test-Path $_ })] [string]$networkshare, [Parameter()] [bool]$force ) $filestructure = Get-SqlFileStructure $sourceserver $destserver $ReuseSourceFolderStructure $filename = "$dbname-$timenow.bak" $backupfile = Join-Path $networkshare $filename $backupresult = Backup-SqlDatabase $sourceserver $dbname $backupfile if ($backupresult) { $restoreresult = Restore-SqlDatabase $destserver $dbname $backupfile $filestructure if ($restoreresult) { # RESTORE was successful Write-Output "Successfully restored $dbname to $destination" return $true } else { # RESTORE was unsuccessful if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { Write-Error "Failed to restore $dbname to $destination. You specified -ReuseSourceFolderStructure. Does the exact same destination directory structure exist?" return "Failed to restore $dbname to $destination using ReuseSourceFolderStructure." } else { Write-Error "Failed to restore $dbname to $destination" return "Failed to restore $dbname to $destination." } } } else { # add to failed because BACKUP was unsuccessful Write-Error "Backup Failed. Does Sql Server account ($($sourceserver.ServiceAccount)) have access to $($NetworkShare)?" return "Backup Failed. Does Sql Server account ($($sourceserver.ServiceAccount)) have access to $NetworkShare` and does the fileshare have space?" } } # Detach Attach Function Dismount-SqlDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$server, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname ) $database = $server.databases[$dbname] if ($database.IsMirroringEnabled) { try { Write-Warning "Breaking mirror for $dbname" $database.ChangeMirroringState([Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.MirroringOption]::Off) $database.Alter() $database.Refresh() Write-Warning "Could not break mirror for $dbname. Skipping." } catch { Write-Exception $_; return $false } } if ($database.AvailabilityGroupName.Length -gt 0) { $agname = $database.AvailabilityGroupName Write-Output "Attempting remove from Availability Group $agname" try { $server.AvailabilityGroups[$database.AvailabilityGroupName].AvailabilityDatabases[$dbname].Drop() Write-Output "Successfully removed $dbname from detach from $agname on $($server.name)" } catch { Write-Error "Could not remove $dbname from $agname on $($server.name)"; Write-Exception $_; return $false } } Write-Output "Attempting detach from $dbname from $source" ####### Using Sql to detach does not modify the $database collection ####### $server.KillAllProcesses($dbname) try { $sql = "ALTER DATABASE [$dbname] SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE" Write-Verbose $sql $null = $server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery($sql) Write-Output "Successfully set $dbname to single-user from $source" } catch { Write-Exception $_ } try { $sql = "EXEC master.dbo.sp_detach_db N'$dbname'" Write-Verbose $sql $null = $server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery($sql) Write-Output "Successfully detached $dbname from $source" } catch { Write-Exception $_ } } Function Copy-SqlDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [cmdletbinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$sourceserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$destserver, [Parameter()] [bool]$AllDatabases, [Parameter()] [string[]]$Databases, [Parameter()] [string[]]$Exclude, [Parameter()] [string]$IncludeSupportDBs, [Parameter()] [bool]$force ) <# ############################################################### Server Checks ############################################################### #> if ($sourceserver.Databases.count -le 4) { throw "No user databases to migrate. Quitting." } if ([version]$sourceserver.ResourceVersionString -gt [version]$destserver.ResourceVersionString) { throw "Source Sql Server version build must be <= destination Sql Server for database migration." } if ($fswarning) { Write-Warning "FILESTREAM enabled on $source but not $destination. Databases that use FILESTREAM will be skipped." } Write-Output "Checking access to remote directories..." Write-Output "Resolving NetBIOS name for $source..." $sourcenetbios = Resolve-NetBiosName $sourceserver Write-Output "Resolving NetBIOS name for $destination..." $destnetbios = Resolve-NetBiosName $destserver $remotesourcepath = Join-AdminUNC $sourcenetbios (Get-SqlDefaultPaths $sourceserver data) If ((Test-Path $remotesourcepath) -ne $true -and $DetachAttach) { Write-Error "Can't access remote Sql directories on $source which is required to perform detach/copy/attach." Write-Error "You can manually try accessing $remotesourcepath to diagnose any issues." Write-Error "Halting database migration." return } $remotedestpath = Join-AdminUNC $destnetbios (Get-SqlDefaultPaths $destserver data) If ((Test-Path $remotedestpath) -ne $true -and $DetachAttach) { Write-Error "Can't access remote Sql directories on $destination which is required to perform detach/copy/attach." Write-Error "You can manually try accessing $remotedestpath to diagnose any issues." Write-Error "Halting database migration." return } ################################################################## $SupportDBs = "ReportServer", "ReportServerTempDB", "distribution" $sa = $changedbowner $exclude | Where-Object { !([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($_)) } | ForEach-Object { $skippedb.Add($_, "Explicitly Skipped") } $filestructure = Get-SqlFileStructure $sourceserver $destserver $ReuseSourceFolderStructure foreach ($database in $sourceserver.databases) { $dbelapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() $dbname = $database.name $dbowner = $database.Owner <# ############################################################### Database Checks ############################################################### #> if ($database.id -le 4) { continue } if ($Databases -and $Databases -notcontains $dbname) { continue } if ($IncludeSupportDBs -eq $false -and $SupportDBs -contains $dbname) { continue } if ($IncludeSupportDBs -eq $true -and $SupportDBs -notcontains $dbname) { if ($AllDatabases -eq $false -and $Databases.length -eq 0) { continue } } Write-Output "`n######### Database: $dbname #########" $dbstart = Get-Date if ($skippedb.ContainsKey($dbname) -and $Databases -eq $null) { Write-Output "`nSkipping $dbname" continue } if ($database.IsAccessible -eq $false) { Write-Warning "Skipping $dbname. Database is inaccessible." $skippedb.Add($dbname, "Skipped. Database is inaccessible.") continue } if ($fswarning -and ($database.FileGroups | Where { $_.isFilestream }) -ne $null) { Write-Warning "Skipping $dbname (contains FILESTREAM)" $skippedb.Add($dbname, "Skipped. Database contains FILESTREAM and FILESTREAM is disabled on $destination.") continue } if ($ReuseSourceFolderStructure) { $remotepath = Split-Path ($database.FileGroups[0].Files.FileName) $remotepath = Join-AdminUNC $destnetbios $remotepath if (!(Test-Path $remotepath)) { throw "Cannot resolve $remotepath. `n`nYou have specified ReuseSourceFolderStructure and exact folder structure does not exist. Halting script." } } if ($database.AvailabilityGroupName.Length -gt 0 -and !$force -and $DetachAttach) { $agname = $database.AvailabilityGroupName Write-Warning "Database is part of an Availability Group ($agname). Use -Force to drop from $agname and migrate. Alternatively, you can use the safer backup/restore method." $skippedb[$dbname] = "Database is part of an Availability Group ($agname) and -force was not specified. Skipped." continue } $dbstatus = $database.status.toString() if ($dbstatus.StartsWith("Normal") -eq $false) { Write-Warning "$dbname is not in a Normal state. Skipping." continue } if ($database.ReplicationOptions -ne "None" -and $DetachAttach -eq $true) { Write-Warning "$dbname is part of replication. Skipping." continue } if ($database.IsMirroringEnabled -and !$force -and $DetachAttach) { Write-Warning "Database is being mirrored. Use -Force to break mirror and migrate. Alternatively, you can use the safer backup/restore method." $skippedb[$dbname] = "Database is being mirrored and -force was not specified. Skipped." continue } if (($destserver.Databases[$dbname] -ne $null) -and !$force -and !$WithReplace) { Write-Warning "Database exists at destination. Use -Force to drop and migrate." $skippedb[$dbname] = "Database exists at destination. Use -Force to drop and migrate." continue } elseif ($destserver.Databases[$dbname] -ne $null -and $force) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "DROP DATABASE $dbname")) { Write-Output "$dbname already exists. -Force was specified. Dropping $dbname on $destination." $dropresult = Remove-SqlDatabase $destserver $dbname if ($dropresult -eq $false) { $skippedb[$dbname] = "Database exists and could not be dropped."; continue } } } If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("console", "Showing start time")) { Write-Output "Started: $dbstart" } if ($sourceserver.versionMajor -ge 9) { $sourcedbownerchaining = $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].DatabaseOwnershipChaining $sourcedbtrustworthy = $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].Trustworthy $sourcedbbrokerenabled = $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].BrokerEnabled } $sourcedbreadonly = $sourceserver.Databases[$dbname].ReadOnly if ($SetSourceReadOnly) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($source, "Set $dbname to read-only")) { Write-Output "Setting database to read-only" $result = Update-SqldbReadOnly $sourceserver $dbname $true } } if ($BackupRestore) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Backup $dbname from $source and restoring.")) { $result = (Start-SqlBackupRestore $sourceserver $destserver $dbname $networkshare $force) $dbfinish = Get-Date if ($result -eq $true) { Write-Output "Successfully restored $dbname" $migrateddb.Add($dbname, "Successfully migrated,$dbstart,$dbfinish") if (!$norecovery) { $result = Update-Sqldbowner $sourceserver $destserver -dbname $dbname } } else { Write-Output "Failed to restore $dbname" $skippedb[$dbname] = $result } } } # End of backup elseif ($DetachAttach) { $sourcefilestructure = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection foreach ($file in $filestructure.databases[$dbname].source.values) { $null = $sourcefilestructure.add($file.physical) } $dbowner = $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].owner if ($dbowner -eq $null) { $dbowner = ($destserver.logins | Where-Object { $_.id -eq 1 }).Name } If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Detach $dbname from $source and attach, then update dbowner")) { $result = Start-SqlDetachAttach $sourceserver $destserver $filestructure $dbname $force $dbfinish = Get-Date if ($result -eq $true) { $migrateddb.Add($dbname, "Successfully migrated,$dbstart,$dbfinish") if (!$norecovery) { $result = Update-Sqldbowner $sourceserver $destserver -dbname $dbname } } else { Write-Output "Failed to attach $dbname" $skippedb[$dbname] = $result } if ($Reattach) { $null = ($sourceserver.databases).Refresh() $result = Mount-SqlDatabase $sourceserver $dbname $sourcefilestructure $dbowner if ($result -eq $true) { $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].DatabaseOwnershipChaining = $sourcedbownerchaining $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].Trustworthy = $sourcedbtrustworthy $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].BrokerEnabled = $sourcedbbrokerenabled $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].alter() if ($SetSourceReadOnly) { $null = Update-SqldbReadOnly $sourceserver $dbname $true } else { $null = Update-SqldbReadOnly $sourceserver $dbname $sourcedbreadonly } Write-Output "Successfully reattached $dbname to $source" } else { Write-Warning "Could not reattach $dbname to $source." } } } } #end of if detach/backup # restore poentially lost settings if ($destserver.versionMajor -ge 9 -and $norecovery -eq $false) { if ($sourcedbownerchaining -ne $destserver.databases[$dbname].DatabaseOwnershipChaining) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating DatabaseOwnershipChaining on $dbname")) { try { $destserver.databases[$dbname].DatabaseOwnershipChaining = $sourcedbownerchaining $destserver.databases[$dbname].alter() Write-Output "Successfully updated DatabaseOwnershipChaining for $sourcedbownerchaining on $dbname on $destination" } catch { Write-Error "Failed to update DatabaseOwnershipChaining for $sourcedbownerchaining on $dbname on $destination"; Write-Exception $_ } } } if ($sourcedbtrustworthy -ne $destserver.databases[$dbname].Trustworthy) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating Trustworthy on $dbname")) { try { $destserver.databases[$dbname].Trustworthy = $sourcedbtrustworthy $destserver.databases[$dbname].alter() Write-Output "Successfully updated Trustworthy to $sourcedbtrustworthy for $dbname on $destination" } catch { Write-Error "Failed to update Trustworthy to $sourcedbtrustworthy for $dbname on $destination"; Write-Exception $_ } } } if ($sourcedbbrokerenabled -ne $destserver.databases[$dbname].BrokerEnabled) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating BrokerEnabled on $dbname")) { try { $destserver.databases[$dbname].BrokerEnabled = $sourcedbbrokerenabled $destserver.databases[$dbname].alter() Write-Output "Successfully updated BrokerEnabled to $sourcedbbrokerenabled for $dbname on $destination" } catch { Write-Error "Failed to update BrokerEnabled to $sourcedbbrokerenabled for $dbname on $destination"; Write-Exception $_ } } } } if ($sourcedbreadonly -ne $destserver.databases[$dbname].ReadOnly -and $norecovery -eq $false) { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess($destination, "Updating ReadOnly status on $dbname")) { try { $result = Update-SqldbReadOnly $destserver $dbname $sourcedbreadonly } catch { Write-Error "Failed to update ReadOnly status on $dbname"; Write-Exception $_ } } } If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("console", "Showing elapsed time")) { $dbtotaltime = $dbfinish - $dbstart $dbtotaltime = ($dbtotaltime.toString().Split(".")[0]) Write-Output "Finished: $dbfinish" Write-Output "Elapsed time: $dbtotaltime" } } # end db by db processing } Function Mount-SqlDatabase { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$server, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$filestructure, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbowner ) if ($server.Logins.Item($dbowner) -eq $null) { try { $dbowner = ($destserver.logins | Where-Object { $_.id -eq 1 }).Name } catch { $dbowner = "sa" } } try { $null = $server.AttachDatabase($dbname, $filestructure, $dbowner, [Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.AttachOptions]::None) return $true } catch { Write-Exception $_; return $false } } Function Start-SqlFileTransfer { <# SYNOPSIS Internal function. Uses BITS to transfer detached files (.mdf, .ndf, .ldf, and filegroups) to another server over admin UNC paths. Locations of data files are kept in the custom object generated by Get-SqlFileStructure #> param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$filestructure, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname ) $copydb = $filestructure.databases[$dbname] $dbsource = $copydb.source $dbdestination = $copydb.destination foreach ($file in $dbsource.keys) { $remotefilename = $dbdestination[$file].remotefilename $from = $dbsource[$file].remotefilename try { if (Test-Path $from -pathtype container) { $null = New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $remotefilename -Force Start-BitsTransfer -Source "$from\*.*" -Destination $remotefilename $directories = (Get-ChildItem -recurse $from | where { $_.PsIsContainer }).FullName foreach ($directory in $directories) { $newdirectory = $directory.replace($from, $remotefilename) $null = New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $newdirectory -Force Start-BitsTransfer -Source "$directory\*.*" -Destination $newdirectory } } else { Write-Host "Copying $fn for $dbname" Start-BitsTransfer -Source $from -Destination $remotefilename } $fn = Split-Path $($dbdestination[$file].physical) -leaf } catch { try { # Sometimes BITS trips out temporarily on cloned drives. Start-BitsTransfer -Source $from -Destination $remotefilename } catch { throw "$_ `n This sometimes happens with cloned VMs. You can try again or use Backup and Restore" } } } return $true } Function Start-SqlDetachAttach { <# .SYNOPSIS Internal function. Performs checks, then executes Dismount-SqlDatabase on a database, copies its files to the new server, then performs Mount-SqlDatabase. $sourceserver and $destserver are SMO server objects. $filestructure is a custom object generated by Get-SqlFileStructure #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$sourceserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$destserver, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [object]$filestructure, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]$dbname, [Parameter()] [bool]$force ) $destfilestructure = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection $sourcefilestructure = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection $dbowner = $sourceserver.databases[$dbname].owner; if ($dbowner -eq $null) { try { $dbowner = ($destserver.logins | Where-Object { $_.id -eq 1 }).Name } catch { $dbowner = "sa" } } foreach ($file in $filestructure.databases[$dbname].destination.values) { $null = $destfilestructure.add($file.physical) } foreach ($file in $filestructure.databases[$dbname].source.values) { $null = $sourcefilestructure.add($file.physical) } $detachresult = Dismount-SqlDatabase $sourceserver $dbname if ($detachresult) { $transfer = Start-SqlFileTransfer $filestructure $dbname if ($transfer -eq $false) { Write-Warning "Could not copy files."; return "Could not copy files." } $attachresult = Mount-SqlDatabase $destserver $dbname $destfilestructure $dbowner if ($attachresult -eq $true) { # add to added dbs because ATTACH was successful Write-Output "Successfully attached $dbname to $destination" return $true } else { # add to failed because ATTACH was unsuccessful Write-Warning "Could not attach $dbname." return "Could not attach database." } } else { # add to failed because DETACH was unsuccessful Write-Warning "Could not detach $dbname." return "Could not detach database." } } } PROCESS { $elapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() $started = Get-Date $script:timenow = (Get-Date -uformat "%m%d%Y%H%M%S") # Convert from RuntimeDefinedParameter object to regular array $databases = $psboundparameters.Databases $exclude = $psboundparameters.Exclude if ($pipedatabase.Length -gt 0) { $Source = $pipedatabase[0].parent.name $databases = $pipedatabase.name } if ($databases -contains "master" -or $databases -contains "msdb" -or $databases -contains "tempdb") { throw "Migrating system databases is not currently supported." } Write-Output "Attempting to connect to Sql Servers.." $sourceserver = Connect-SqlServer -SqlServer $Source -SqlCredential $SourceSqlCredential $destserver = Connect-SqlServer -SqlServer $Destination -SqlCredential $DestinationSqlCredential $source = $sourceserver.DomainInstanceName $destination = $destserver.DomainInstanceName if ($NetworkShare.Length -gt 0) { if ($(Test-SqlPath -SqlServer $Source -Path $NetworkShare) -eq $false) { throw "$Source cannot access $NetworkShare" } if ($(Test-SqlPath -SqlServer $Destination -Path $NetworkShare) -eq $false) { throw "$Destination cannot access $NetworkShare" } } Invoke-SmoCheck -SqlServer $sourceserver Invoke-SmoCheck -SqlServer $destserver $migrateddb = @{ }; $skippedb = @{ } if ($sourceserver.DomainInstanceName -eq $destserver.DomainInstanceName) { if ($sourceserver.ServiceName -eq $destserver.ServiceName) { throw "Source and Destination Sql Servers instances are the same. Quitting." } } if (($AllDatabases -or $IncludeSupportDbs -or $Databases) -and !$DetachAttach -and !$BackupRestore) { throw "You must specify -DetachAttach or -BackupRestore when migrating databases." } if ($NetworkShare.Length -gt 0) { if (!($NetworkShare.StartsWith("\\"))) { throw "Network share must be a valid UNC path (\\server\share)." } if (!(Test-Path $NetworkShare)) { Write-Warning "$networkshare share cannot be accessed. Still trying anyway, in case the SQL Server service accounts have access." } } if (!(Test-SqlSa -SqlServer $sourceserver -SqlCredential $SourceSqlCredential)) { throw "Not a sysadmin on $source. Quitting." } if (!(Test-SqlSa -SqlServer $destserver -SqlCredential $DestinationSqlCredential)) { throw "Not a sysadmin on $destination. Quitting." } if ($sourceserver.versionMajor -lt 8 -and $destserver.versionMajor -lt 8) { throw "This script can only be run on Sql Server 2000 and above. Quitting." } if ($destserver.versionMajor -lt 9 -and $DetachAttach) { throw "Detach/Attach not supported when destination Sql Server is version 2000. Quitting." } if ($sourceserver.versionMajor -lt 9 -and $destserver.versionMajor -gt 10) { throw "Sql Server 2000 databases cannot be migrated to Sql Server versions 2012 and above. Quitting." } if ($sourceserver.versionMajor -lt 9 -and $Reattach) { throw "-Reattach was specified, but is not supported in Sql Server 2000. Quitting." } if ($sourceserver.versionMajor -eq 9 -and $destserver.versionMajor -gt 9 -and !$BackupRestore -and !$Force -and $DetachAttach) { throw "Backup and restore is the safest method for migrating from Sql Server 2005 to other Sql Server versions. Please use the -BackupRestore switch or override this requirement by specifying -Force." } if ($sourceserver.collation -ne $destserver.collation) { Write-Warning "Collation on $Source, $($sourceserver.collation) differs from the $Destination, $($destserver.collation)." } <# ---------------------------------------------------------- Preps ---------------------------------------------------------- #> if (($Databases -or $Exclude -or $IncludeSupportDbs) -and (!$DetachAttach -and !$BackupRestore)) { throw "You did not select a migration method. Please use -BackupRestore or -DetachAttach" } if ((!$Databases -and !$AllDatabases -and !$IncludeSupportDbs) -and ($DetachAttach -or $BackupRestore)) { throw "You did not select any databases to migrate. Please use -AllDatabases or -Databases or -IncludeSupportDbs" } # SMO's filestreamlevel is sometimes null $sql = "select coalesce(SERVERPROPERTY('FilestreamConfiguredLevel'),0) as fs" $sourcefilestream = $sourceserver.ConnectionContext.ExecuteScalar($sql) $destfilestream = $destserver.ConnectionContext.ExecuteScalar($sql) if ($sourcefilestream -gt 0 -and $destfilestream -eq 0) { $fswarning = $true } <# ---------------------------------------------------------- Run ---------------------------------------------------------- #> $alldbelapsed = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() if ($AllDatabases -or $Exclude.length -gt 0 -or $IncludeSupportDbs -or $Databases.length -gt 0) { Copy-SqlDatabase -sourceserver $sourceserver -destserver $destserver -AllDatabases $AllDatabases ` -Databases $Databases -Exclude $Exclude -IncludeSupportDbs $IncludeSupportDbs -Force $force } if ($csvlog) { $script:csvfilename = "$($sourceserver.name.replace('\', '$'))-to-$($destserver.name.replace('\', '$'))-$timenow-db.csv" Set-Content -Path "$csvfilename" "Database Name, Result, Start, Finish" $migrateddb.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object value; $skippedb.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object value foreach ($db in $migrateddb.GetEnumerator()) { Add-Content -Path $csvfilename "$($db.name),$($db.value)" } foreach ($db in $migrateddb.GetEnumerator()) { Add-Content -Path $csvfilename "$($db.name),$($db.value)" } $alldbtotaltime = ($alldbelapsed.Elapsed.toString().Split(".")[0]) Add-Content -Path $csvfilename "`r`nElapsed time,$alldbtotaltime" } } END { If ($Pscmdlet.ShouldProcess("console", "Showing migration time elapsed")) { $totaltime = ($elapsed.Elapsed.toString().Split(".")[0]) $sourceserver.ConnectionContext.Disconnect() $destserver.ConnectionContext.Disconnect() Write-Output "`nDatabase migration finished" Write-Output "Migration started: $started" Write-Output "Migration completed: $(Get-Date)" Write-Output "Total Elapsed time: $totaltime" if ($networkshare.length -gt 0 -and $migrateddb.count -gt 0) { Write-Warning "This script does not delete backup files. Backups still exist at $networkshare." } } } } |