cSecurityOptions

2.0

DSCResources/UserRightsAssignment/UserRightsAssignment.psm1

function TestRegistryKeyValue
{
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Tests if a registry value exists.
 
    .DESCRIPTION
    The usual ways for checking if a registry value exists don't handle when a value simply has an empty or null value. This function actually checks if a key has a value with a given name.
 
    .EXAMPLE
    Test-RegistryKeyValue -Path 'hklm:\\Software\\Carbon\\Test' -Name 'Title'
 
    Returns `True` if `hklm:\\Software\\Carbon\\Test` contains a value named 'Title'. `False` otherwise.
    #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]
        # The path to the registry key where the value should be set. Will be created if it doesn't exist.
        $Path,

        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
        [string]
        # The name of the value being set.
        $Name
    )

    if( -not (Test-Path -Path $Path -PathType Container) ){return $false}

    $properties = Get-ItemProperty -Path $Path
    if( -not $properties ){return $false}

    $member = Get-Member -InputObject $properties -Name $Name
    if( $member )
    {
        return $true
    }
    else
    {
        return $false
    }
}

function TestServerCore
{
    return (-not (TestRegistryKeyValue -Path 'HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Server\ServerLevels' `
                                        -Name 'Server-Gui-Shell'))
}

function GetUserRightsAssignment
{
    param
    (
        $Privilege
    )

    $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
    $NonServerCoreConformantAssignments = @(
        'SeChangeNotifyPrivilege',
        'SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege'
    )

    If(($Privilege -in $NonServerCoreConformantAssignments) -and (TestServerCore))
    {
        $ReturnObj = @{
            'Privilege' = $Privilege
            'Identity' = [System.String[]]
            'Ensure' = 'Absent' # Need to write function to test if Server Core
        }
        return $ReturnObj
    }

    $Identity = (GetAccountsWithUserRight -Right $Privilege).Account -as [String[]]
    
    If ($Identity -as [bool])
    {
        $Ensure = 'Present'
    } else {
        $Ensure = 'Absent'
    }
   
    $ReturnObj = @{
        'Privilege' = $Privilege
        'Identity' = $Identity
        'Ensure' = $Ensure # Need to write function to test if Server Core
    }
    return $ReturnObj
}

Function FormatIdentity
{
    Param($SingleIdentity)

    $ErrorActionPreference = [System.Management.Automation.ActionPreference]::Stop
    Write-Debug -Message "Starting FormatIdentity [$SingleIdentity]"
    Try
    {
        if($SingleIdentity -like '*\*')
        {
            Write-Debug -Message "Completed FormatIdentity [$SingleIdentity]"
            $returnObj = $SingleIdentity
        }
        else
        {
            if(-not ($SingleIdentity -as [bool])) { $returnObj = $Null }
            else
            {
                If($DefaultBuiltinGroups.Contains($SingleIdentity))
                {
                    $returnObj = "BUILTIN\" + $SingleIdentity
                } else {
                    If($DefaultNTAuthority.Contains($SingleIdentity))
                    {
                        $returnObj = "NT Authority\" + $SingleIdentity
                    } else {
                        If($DefaultWindowManager.Contains($SingleIdentity))
                        {
                            $returnObj = "Window Manager\" + $SingleIdentity
                        } else {
                            if($DefaultNTService.Contains($SingleIdentity))
                            {
                                $returnObj = "NT Service\" + $SingleIdentity
                            } else {
                                $WMIUser = Get-WmiObject -Class 'Win32_UserAccount' `
                                                         -Filter 'LocalAccount = ''True''' | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq $SingleIdentity }
    
                                if($WMIUser -as [bool]) { $ReturnObj = $WMIUser.Caption }
                                else {
                                    $WMIGroup = Get-WmiObject -Class 'Win32_Group' `
                                                              -Filter 'LocalAccount = ''True''' | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq $SingleIdentity }
                                    if($WMIGroup -as [bool]) { $ReturnObj = $WMIGroup.Caption }
                                    else {
                                        if($SingleIdentity -eq 'Everyone')
                                        {
                                            $returnObj = 'Everyone'
                                        } else {
                                            Throw "Invalid Account [$SingleIdentity]" 
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    Catch
    {
        Write-Debug -Message "Completed FormatIdentity [$SingleIdentity] with error"
        Throw
    }

    Write-Debug -Message "Completed FormatIdentity [$SingleIdentity] as [$ReturnObj]"
    Return $ReturnObj
}

Function FilterIdentity
{
    Param(
        $Identity
    )
    
    $ReturnIdentity = New-Object -TypeName System.Collections.ArrayList
    Foreach($_Identity in $Identity)
    {
        $FormattedIdentity = FormatIdentity -SingleIdentity $_Identity
        if($FormattedIdentity -as [bool])
        {
            $Null = $ReturnIdentity.Add($FormattedIdentity)
        }
    }

    return $ReturnIdentity -as [string[]]
} 

Function ConvertToBuiltinPrefix
{
    Param(
        $Identity
    )

    If($Identity -match '([^\\]+)\\')
    {
        $_Identity = ($Identity -as [string]).Replace($Matches[1],'BUILTIN')
    }

    Return $_Identity
}

function Get-TargetResource
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    [OutputType([System.Collections.Hashtable])]
    param
    (
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [ValidateSet("SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege","SeNetworkLogonRight","SeTcbPrivilege","SeMachineAccountPrivilege","SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege","SeInteractiveLogonRight","SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight","SeBackupPrivilege","SeChangeNotifyPrivilege","SeSystemtimePrivilege","SeTimeZonePrivilege","SeCreatePagefilePrivilege","SeCreateTokenPrivilege","SeCreateGlobalPrivilege","SeCreatePermanentPrivilege","SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege","SeDebugPrivilege","SeDenyNetworkLogonRight","SeDenyBatchLogonRight","SeDenyServiceLogonRight","SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight","SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight","SeEnableDelegationPrivilege","SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege","SeAuditPrivilege","SeImpersonatePrivilege","SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege","SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege","SeLoadDriverPrivilege","SeLockMemoryPrivilege","SeBatchLogonRight","SeServiceLogonRight","SeSecurityPrivilege","SeRelabelPrivilege","SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege","SeManageVolumePrivilege","SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege","SeSystemProfilePrivilege","SeUndockPrivilege","SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege","SeRestorePrivilege","SeShutdownPrivilege","SeSyncAgentPrivilege","SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege")]
        [System.String]
        $Privilege
    )
    $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'

    GetUserRightsAssignment -Privilege $Privilege
}

# This will run ONLY if Test-TargetResource is $false
function Set-TargetResource
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [ValidateSet("SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege","SeNetworkLogonRight","SeTcbPrivilege","SeMachineAccountPrivilege","SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege","SeInteractiveLogonRight","SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight","SeBackupPrivilege","SeChangeNotifyPrivilege","SeSystemtimePrivilege","SeTimeZonePrivilege","SeCreatePagefilePrivilege","SeCreateTokenPrivilege","SeCreateGlobalPrivilege","SeCreatePermanentPrivilege","SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege","SeDebugPrivilege","SeDenyNetworkLogonRight","SeDenyBatchLogonRight","SeDenyServiceLogonRight","SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight","SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight","SeEnableDelegationPrivilege","SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege","SeAuditPrivilege","SeImpersonatePrivilege","SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege","SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege","SeLoadDriverPrivilege","SeLockMemoryPrivilege","SeBatchLogonRight","SeServiceLogonRight","SeSecurityPrivilege","SeRelabelPrivilege","SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege","SeManageVolumePrivilege","SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege","SeSystemProfilePrivilege","SeUndockPrivilege","SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege","SeRestorePrivilege","SeShutdownPrivilege","SeSyncAgentPrivilege","SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege")]
        [System.String]
        $Privilege,

        [System.String[]]
        $Identity,

        [ValidateSet("Present","Absent")]
        [System.String]
        $Ensure
    )
    $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'

    $CurrentSettings = GetUserRightsAssignment -Privilege $Privilege

    if ($Ensure -eq 'Absent')
    {
        foreach ($Identity in $CurrentSettings.Identity)
        {
            RevokeUserRight -Account $Identity -Right $Privilege
        }
    } else {
        $filteredIdentityList = FilterIdentity -Identity $Identity
        if($CurrentSettings.Ensure -eq 'Absent')
        {
            Foreach($Identity in $filteredIdentityList)
            {
                GrantUserRight -Account $Identity -Right $Privilege
            }
        }
        else
        {
            $IdentityDifferences = Compare-Object -ReferenceObject $CurrentSettings.Identity -DifferenceObject $filteredIdentityList

            foreach ($difference in $IdentityDifferences)
            {
                switch ($difference.SideIndicator)
                {
                    "=>" {
                        Try
                        {
                            GrantUserRight -Account $difference.InputObject -Right $Privilege
                        }
                        Catch
                        {
                            GrantUserRight -Account (ConvertToBuiltinPrefix -Identity $difference.InputObject) -Right $Privilege
                        }
                    }
                    "<=" {
                        Try
                        {
                            RevokeUserRight -Account $difference.InputObject -Right $Privilege
                        }
                        Catch
                        {
                            RevokeUserRight -Account (ConvertToBuiltinPrefix -Identity $difference.InputObject) -Right $Privilege
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

function Test-TargetResource
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    [OutputType([System.Boolean])]
    param
    (
        [parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [ValidateSet("SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege","SeNetworkLogonRight","SeTcbPrivilege","SeMachineAccountPrivilege","SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege","SeInteractiveLogonRight","SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight","SeBackupPrivilege","SeChangeNotifyPrivilege","SeSystemtimePrivilege","SeTimeZonePrivilege","SeCreatePagefilePrivilege","SeCreateTokenPrivilege","SeCreateGlobalPrivilege","SeCreatePermanentPrivilege","SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege","SeDebugPrivilege","SeDenyNetworkLogonRight","SeDenyBatchLogonRight","SeDenyServiceLogonRight","SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight","SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight","SeEnableDelegationPrivilege","SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege","SeAuditPrivilege","SeImpersonatePrivilege","SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege","SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege","SeLoadDriverPrivilege","SeLockMemoryPrivilege","SeBatchLogonRight","SeServiceLogonRight","SeSecurityPrivilege","SeRelabelPrivilege","SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege","SeManageVolumePrivilege","SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege","SeSystemProfilePrivilege","SeUndockPrivilege","SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege","SeRestorePrivilege","SeShutdownPrivilege","SeSyncAgentPrivilege","SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege")]
        [System.String]
        $Privilege,

        [System.String[]]
        $Identity,

        [ValidateSet("Present","Absent")]
        [System.String]
        $Ensure
    )
    $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
    
    $CurrentSettings = GetUserRightsAssignment -Privilege $Privilege
    If ($Ensure -eq 'Absent')
    {
        return $CurrentSettings.Ensure -eq $Ensure
    } elseif ($CurrentSettings.Ensure -eq 'Absent') {
        return $false
    }

    $filteredIdentity = FilterIdentity -Identity $Identity

    $IdentityDifference = Compare-Object -ReferenceObject $CurrentSettings.Identity -DifferenceObject $filteredIdentity

    return (-not $IdentityDifference)
}

$DefaultBuiltinGroups = @('Administrators','Backup Operators','Cryptographic Operators','Distributed COM Users','Guests','IIS_IUSRS','Network Configuration Operators','Performance Log Users','Performance Monitor Users','Power Users','Remote Desktop Users','Replicator','Users','Offer Remote Assistance Helpers')
$DefaultNTAuthority = @('LOCAL SERVICE', 'NETWORK SERVICE', 'SERVICE')
$DefaultWindowManager = @('Window Manager Group')
$DefaultNTService = @('ALL SERVICES', 'WdiServiceHost')

Export-ModuleMember -Function *-TargetResource

<#
 
VERSION DATE AUTHOR
1.0 2015-03-10 Tony Pombo
    - Initial Release
 
1.1 2015-03-11 Tony Pombo
    - Added enum Rights, and configured functions to use it
    - Fixed a couple typos in the help
 
#> # Revision History

Set-StrictMode -Version 2.0

Add-Type @'
using System;
namespace PS_LSA
{
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
    using System.Security;
    using System.Security.Principal;
    using LSA_HANDLE = IntPtr;
 
    public enum Rights
    {
        SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege, // Access Credential Manager as a trusted caller
        SeNetworkLogonRight, // Access this computer from the network
        SeTcbPrivilege, // Act as part of the operating system
        SeMachineAccountPrivilege, // Add workstations to domain
        SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege, // Adjust memory quotas for a process
        SeInteractiveLogonRight, // Allow log on locally
        SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight, // Allow log on through Remote Desktop Services
        SeBackupPrivilege, // Back up files and directories
        SeChangeNotifyPrivilege, // Bypass traverse checking
        SeSystemtimePrivilege, // Change the system time
        SeTimeZonePrivilege, // Change the time zone
        SeCreatePagefilePrivilege, // Create a pagefile
        SeCreateTokenPrivilege, // Create a token object
        SeCreateGlobalPrivilege, // Create global objects
        SeCreatePermanentPrivilege, // Create permanent shared objects
        SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege, // Create symbolic links
        SeDebugPrivilege, // Debug programs
        SeDenyNetworkLogonRight, // Deny access this computer from the network
        SeDenyBatchLogonRight, // Deny log on as a batch job
        SeDenyServiceLogonRight, // Deny log on as a service
        SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight, // Deny log on locally
        SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight, // Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services
        SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, // Enable computer and user accounts to be trusted for delegation
        SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege, // Force shutdown from a remote system
        SeAuditPrivilege, // Generate security audits
        SeImpersonatePrivilege, // Impersonate a client after authentication
        SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege, // Increase a process working set
        SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege, // Increase scheduling priority
        SeLoadDriverPrivilege, // Load and unload device drivers
        SeLockMemoryPrivilege, // Lock pages in memory
        SeBatchLogonRight, // Log on as a batch job
        SeServiceLogonRight, // Log on as a service
        SeSecurityPrivilege, // Manage auditing and security log
        SeRelabelPrivilege, // Modify an object label
        SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege, // Modify firmware environment values
        SeManageVolumePrivilege, // Perform volume maintenance tasks
        SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege, // Profile single process
        SeSystemProfilePrivilege, // Profile system performance
        SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege, // "Read unsolicited input from a terminal device"
        SeUndockPrivilege, // Remove computer from docking station
        SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege, // Replace a process level token
        SeRestorePrivilege, // Restore files and directories
        SeShutdownPrivilege, // Shut down the system
        SeSyncAgentPrivilege, // Synchronize directory service data
        SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege // Take ownership of files or other objects
    }
 
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    struct LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES
    {
        internal int Length;
        internal IntPtr RootDirectory;
        internal IntPtr ObjectName;
        internal int Attributes;
        internal IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
        internal IntPtr SecurityQualityOfService;
    }
 
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    struct LSA_UNICODE_STRING
    {
        internal ushort Length;
        internal ushort MaximumLength;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
        internal string Buffer;
    }
 
    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    struct LSA_ENUMERATION_INFORMATION
    {
        internal IntPtr PSid;
    }
 
    internal sealed class Win32Sec
    {
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaOpenPolicy(
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] SystemName,
            ref LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
            int AccessMask,
            out IntPtr PolicyHandle
        );
 
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaAddAccountRights(
            LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
            IntPtr pSID,
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
            int CountOfRights
        );
 
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaRemoveAccountRights(
            LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
            IntPtr pSID,
            bool AllRights,
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
            int CountOfRights
        );
 
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaEnumerateAccountRights(
            LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
            IntPtr pSID,
            out IntPtr /*LSA_UNICODE_STRING[]*/ UserRights,
            out ulong CountOfRights
        );
 
        [DllImport("advapi32", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute]
        internal static extern uint LsaEnumerateAccountsWithUserRight(
            LSA_HANDLE PolicyHandle,
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] UserRights,
            out IntPtr EnumerationBuffer,
            out ulong CountReturned
        );
 
        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaNtStatusToWinError(int NTSTATUS);
 
        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaClose(IntPtr PolicyHandle);
 
        [DllImport("advapi32")]
        internal static extern int LsaFreeMemory(IntPtr Buffer);
    }
 
    internal sealed class Sid : IDisposable
    {
        public IntPtr pSid = IntPtr.Zero;
        public SecurityIdentifier sid = null;
 
        public Sid(string account)
        {
            sid = (SecurityIdentifier)(new NTAccount(account)).Translate(typeof(SecurityIdentifier));
            Byte[] buffer = new Byte[sid.BinaryLength];
            sid.GetBinaryForm(buffer, 0);
 
            pSid = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(sid.BinaryLength);
            Marshal.Copy(buffer, 0, pSid, sid.BinaryLength);
        }
 
        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (pSid != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pSid);
                pSid = IntPtr.Zero;
            }
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
        ~Sid() { Dispose(); }
    }
 
    public sealed class LsaWrapper : IDisposable
    {
        enum Access : int
        {
            POLICY_READ = 0x20006,
            POLICY_ALL_ACCESS = 0x00F0FFF,
            POLICY_EXECUTE = 0X20801,
            POLICY_WRITE = 0X207F8
        }
        const uint STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED = 0xc0000022;
        const uint STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES = 0xc000009a;
        const uint STATUS_NO_MEMORY = 0xc0000017;
        const uint STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND = 0xc0000034;
        const uint STATUS_NO_MORE_ENTRIES = 0x8000001a;
 
        IntPtr lsaHandle;
 
        public LsaWrapper() : this(null) { } // local system if systemName is null
        public LsaWrapper(string systemName)
        {
            LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES lsaAttr;
            lsaAttr.RootDirectory = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.ObjectName = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.Attributes = 0;
            lsaAttr.SecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.SecurityQualityOfService = IntPtr.Zero;
            lsaAttr.Length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES));
            lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] system = null;
            if (systemName != null)
            {
                system = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
                system[0] = InitLsaString(systemName);
            }
 
            uint ret = Win32Sec.LsaOpenPolicy(system, ref lsaAttr, (int)Access.POLICY_ALL_ACCESS, out lsaHandle);
            if (ret == 0) return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED) throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY)) throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }
 
        public void AddPrivilege(string account, Rights privilege)
        {
            uint ret = 0;
            using (Sid sid = new Sid(account))
            {
                LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] privileges = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
                privileges[0] = InitLsaString(privilege.ToString());
                ret = Win32Sec.LsaAddAccountRights(lsaHandle, sid.pSid, privileges, 1);
            }
            if (ret == 0) return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED) throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY)) throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }
 
        public void RemovePrivilege(string account, Rights privilege)
        {
            uint ret = 0;
            using (Sid sid = new Sid(account))
            {
                LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] privileges = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
                privileges[0] = InitLsaString(privilege.ToString());
                ret = Win32Sec.LsaRemoveAccountRights(lsaHandle, sid.pSid, false, privileges, 1);
            }
            if (ret == 0) return;
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED) throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY)) throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }
 
        public Rights[] EnumerateAccountPrivileges(string account)
        {
            uint ret = 0;
            ulong count = 0;
            IntPtr privileges = IntPtr.Zero;
            Rights[] rights = null;
 
            using (Sid sid = new Sid(account))
            {
                ret = Win32Sec.LsaEnumerateAccountRights(lsaHandle, sid.pSid, out privileges, out count);
            }
            if (ret == 0)
            {
                rights = new Rights[count];
                for (int i = 0; i < (int)count; i++)
                {
                    LSA_UNICODE_STRING str = (LSA_UNICODE_STRING)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
                        IntPtr.Add(privileges, i * Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_UNICODE_STRING))),
                        typeof(LSA_UNICODE_STRING));
                    rights[i] = (Rights)Enum.Parse(typeof(Rights), str.Buffer);
                }
                Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(privileges);
                return rights;
            }
            if (ret == STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_NOT_FOUND) return null; // No privileges assigned
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED) throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY)) throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }
 
        public string[] EnumerateAccountsWithUserRight(Rights privilege)
        {
            uint ret = 0;
            ulong count = 0;
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING[] rights = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING[1];
            rights[0] = InitLsaString(privilege.ToString());
            IntPtr buffer = IntPtr.Zero;
            string[] accounts = null;
 
            ret = Win32Sec.LsaEnumerateAccountsWithUserRight(lsaHandle, rights, out buffer, out count);
            if (ret == 0)
            {
                accounts = new string[count];
                for (int i = 0; i < (int)count; i++)
                {
                    LSA_ENUMERATION_INFORMATION LsaInfo = (LSA_ENUMERATION_INFORMATION)Marshal.PtrToStructure(
                        IntPtr.Add(buffer, i * Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LSA_ENUMERATION_INFORMATION))),
                        typeof(LSA_ENUMERATION_INFORMATION));
                    accounts[i] = (new SecurityIdentifier(LsaInfo.PSid)).Translate(typeof(NTAccount)).ToString();
                }
                Win32Sec.LsaFreeMemory(buffer);
                return accounts;
            }
            if (ret == STATUS_NO_MORE_ENTRIES) return null; // No accounts assigned
            if (ret == STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED) throw new UnauthorizedAccessException();
            if ((ret == STATUS_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES) || (ret == STATUS_NO_MEMORY)) throw new OutOfMemoryException();
            throw new Win32Exception(Win32Sec.LsaNtStatusToWinError((int)ret));
        }
 
        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (lsaHandle != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                Win32Sec.LsaClose(lsaHandle);
                lsaHandle = IntPtr.Zero;
            }
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
        ~LsaWrapper() { Dispose(); }
 
        // helper functions:
        static LSA_UNICODE_STRING InitLsaString(string s)
        {
            // Unicode strings max. 32KB
            if (s.Length > 0x7ffe) throw new ArgumentException("String too long");
            LSA_UNICODE_STRING lus = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
            lus.Buffer = s;
            lus.Length = (ushort)(s.Length * sizeof(char));
            lus.MaximumLength = (ushort)(lus.Length + sizeof(char));
            return lus;
        }
    }
}
'@ # This type (PS_LSA) is used by Grant-UserRight, Revoke-UserRight, Get-UserRightsGrantedToAccount, Get-AccountsWithUserRight

function GrantUserRight {
  <#
  .SYNOPSIS
  Assigns user rights to accounts
  .DESCRIPTION
  Assigns one or more user rights (privileges) to one or more accounts. If you specify privileges already granted to the account, they are ignored.
  .EXAMPLE
  Grant-UserRight "bilbo.baggins" SeServiceLogonRight
 
  Grants bilbo.baggins the "Logon as a service" right on the local computer.
  .EXAMPLE
  Grant-UserRight -Account "Edward","Karen" -Right SeServiceLogonRight,SeCreateTokenPrivilege -Computer TESTPC
 
  Grants both Edward and Karen, "Logon as a service" and "Create a token object" rights on the TESTPC system.
  .PARAMETER Account
  Logon name of the account. More than one account can be listed. If the account is not found on the computer, the default domain is searched. To specify a domain, you may use either "DOMAIN\username" or "username@domain.dns" formats.
  .PARAMETER Right
  Name of the right to grant. More than one right may be listed.
 
  Possible values:
    SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege Access Credential Manager as a trusted caller
    SeNetworkLogonRight Access this computer from the network
    SeTcbPrivilege Act as part of the operating system
    SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add workstations to domain
    SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege Adjust memory quotas for a process
    SeInteractiveLogonRight Allow log on locally
    SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight Allow log on through Remote Desktop Services
    SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories
    SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking
    SeSystemtimePrivilege Change the system time
    SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone
    SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Create a pagefile
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege Create a token object
    SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Create global objects
    SeCreatePermanentPrivilege Create permanent shared objects
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Create symbolic links
    SeDebugPrivilege Debug programs
    SeDenyNetworkLogonRight Deny access this computer from the network
    SeDenyBatchLogonRight Deny log on as a batch job
    SeDenyServiceLogonRight Deny log on as a service
    SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight Deny log on locally
    SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services
    SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Enable computer and user accounts to be trusted for delegation
    SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege Force shutdown from a remote system
    SeAuditPrivilege Generate security audits
    SeImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate a client after authentication
    SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set
    SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Increase scheduling priority
    SeLoadDriverPrivilege Load and unload device drivers
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege Lock pages in memory
    SeBatchLogonRight Log on as a batch job
    SeServiceLogonRight Log on as a service
    SeSecurityPrivilege Manage auditing and security log
    SeRelabelPrivilege Modify an object label
    SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Modify firmware environment values
    SeManageVolumePrivilege Perform volume maintenance tasks
    SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Profile single process
    SeSystemProfilePrivilege Profile system performance
    SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege "Read unsolicited input from a terminal device"
    SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking station
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege Replace a process level token
    SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories
    SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system
    SeSyncAgentPrivilege Synchronize directory service data
    SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Take ownership of files or other objects
  .PARAMETER Computer
  Specifies the name of the computer on which to run this cmdlet. If the input for this parameter is omitted, then the cmdlet runs on the local computer.
  .INPUTS
  String Account
  PS_LSA.Rights Right
  String Computer
  .OUTPUTS
  .LINK
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms721786.aspx
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb530716.aspx
  #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
        [Alias('User','Username')][String[]] $Account,
        [Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true)]
        [Alias('Privilege')] [PS_LSA.Rights[]] $Right,
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, HelpMessage="Computer name")]
        [Alias('System','ComputerName','Host')][String] $Computer
    )
    process {
        $lsa = New-Object PS_LSA.LsaWrapper($Computer)
        foreach ($Acct in $Account) {
            foreach ($Priv in $Right) {
                $lsa.AddPrivilege($Acct,$Priv)
            }
        }
    }
} # Assigns user rights to accounts

function RevokeUserRight {
  <#
  .SYNOPSIS
  Removes user rights from accounts
  .DESCRIPTION
  Removes one or more user rights (privileges) from one or more accounts. If you specify privileges not held by the account, they are ignored.
  .EXAMPLE
  Revoke-UserRight "bilbo.baggins" SeServiceLogonRight
 
  Removes the "Logon as a service" right from bilbo.baggins on the local computer.
  .EXAMPLE
  Revoke-UserRight -Account "Edward","Karen" -Right SeServiceLogonRight,SeCreateTokenPrivilege -Computer TESTPC
 
  Removes the "Logon as a service" and "Create a token object" rights from both Edward and Karen on the TESTPC system.
  .PARAMETER Account
  Logon name of the account. More than one account can be listed. If the account is not found on the computer, the default domain is searched. To specify a domain, you may use either "DOMAIN\username" or "username@domain.dns" formats.
  .PARAMETER Right
  Name of the right to revoke. More than one right may be listed.
 
  Possible values:
    SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege Access Credential Manager as a trusted caller
    SeNetworkLogonRight Access this computer from the network
    SeTcbPrivilege Act as part of the operating system
    SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add workstations to domain
    SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege Adjust memory quotas for a process
    SeInteractiveLogonRight Allow log on locally
    SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight Allow log on through Remote Desktop Services
    SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories
    SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking
    SeSystemtimePrivilege Change the system time
    SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone
    SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Create a pagefile
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege Create a token object
    SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Create global objects
    SeCreatePermanentPrivilege Create permanent shared objects
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Create symbolic links
    SeDebugPrivilege Debug programs
    SeDenyNetworkLogonRight Deny access this computer from the network
    SeDenyBatchLogonRight Deny log on as a batch job
    SeDenyServiceLogonRight Deny log on as a service
    SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight Deny log on locally
    SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services
    SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Enable computer and user accounts to be trusted for delegation
    SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege Force shutdown from a remote system
    SeAuditPrivilege Generate security audits
    SeImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate a client after authentication
    SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set
    SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Increase scheduling priority
    SeLoadDriverPrivilege Load and unload device drivers
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege Lock pages in memory
    SeBatchLogonRight Log on as a batch job
    SeServiceLogonRight Log on as a service
    SeSecurityPrivilege Manage auditing and security log
    SeRelabelPrivilege Modify an object label
    SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Modify firmware environment values
    SeManageVolumePrivilege Perform volume maintenance tasks
    SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Profile single process
    SeSystemProfilePrivilege Profile system performance
    SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege "Read unsolicited input from a terminal device"
    SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking station
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege Replace a process level token
    SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories
    SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system
    SeSyncAgentPrivilege Synchronize directory service data
    SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Take ownership of files or other objects
  .PARAMETER Computer
  Specifies the name of the computer on which to run this cmdlet. If the input for this parameter is omitted, then the cmdlet runs on the local computer.
  .INPUTS
  String Account
  PS_LSA.Rights Right
  String Computer
  .OUTPUTS
  .LINK
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms721809.aspx
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb530716.aspx
  #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
        [Alias('User','Username')][String[]] $Account,
        [Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true)]
        [Alias('Privilege')] [PS_LSA.Rights[]] $Right,
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, HelpMessage="Computer name")]
        [Alias('System','ComputerName','Host')][String] $Computer
    )
    process {
        $lsa = New-Object PS_LSA.LsaWrapper($Computer)
        foreach ($Acct in $Account) {
            foreach ($Priv in $Right) {
                $lsa.RemovePrivilege($Acct,$Priv)
            }
        }
    }
} # Removes user rights from accounts

function GetUserRightsGrantedToAccount {
  <#
  .SYNOPSIS
  Gets all user rights granted to an account
  .DESCRIPTION
  Retrieves a list of all the user rights (privileges) granted to one or more accounts. The rights retrieved are those granted directly to the user account, and does not include those rights obtained as part of membership to a group.
  .EXAMPLE
  Get-UserRightsGrantedToAccount "bilbo.baggins"
 
  Returns a list of all user rights granted to bilbo.baggins on the local computer.
  .EXAMPLE
  Get-UserRightsGrantedToAccount -Account "Edward","Karen" -Computer TESTPC
 
  Returns a list of user rights granted to Edward, and a list of user rights granted to Karen, on the TESTPC system.
  .PARAMETER Account
  Logon name of the account. More than one account can be listed. If the account is not found on the computer, the default domain is searched. To specify a domain, you may use either "DOMAIN\username" or "username@domain.dns" formats.
  .PARAMETER Computer
  Specifies the name of the computer on which to run this cmdlet. If the input for this parameter is omitted, then the cmdlet runs on the local computer.
  .INPUTS
  String Account
  String Computer
  .OUTPUTS
  String Account
  PS_LSA.Rights Right
  .LINK
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms721790.aspx
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb530716.aspx
  #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
        [Alias('User','Username')][String[]] $Account,
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, HelpMessage="Computer name")]
        [Alias('System','ComputerName','Host')][String] $Computer
    )
    process {
        $lsa = New-Object PS_LSA.LsaWrapper($Computer)
        foreach ($Acct in $Account) {
            $output = @{'Account'=$Acct; 'Right'=$lsa.EnumerateAccountPrivileges($Acct); }
            Write-Output (New-Object -Typename PSObject -Prop $output)
        }
    }
} # Gets all user rights granted to an account

function GetAccountsWithUserRight {
  <#
  .SYNOPSIS
  Gets all accounts that are assigned a specified privilege
  .DESCRIPTION
  Retrieves a list of all accounts that hold a specified right (privilege). The accounts returned are those that hold the specified privilege directly through the user account, not as part of membership to a group.
  .EXAMPLE
  Get-AccountsWithUserRight SeServiceLogonRight
 
  Returns a list of all accounts that hold the "Log on as a service" right.
  .EXAMPLE
  Get-AccountsWithUserRight -Right SeServiceLogonRight,SeDebugPrivilege -Computer TESTPC
 
  Returns a list of accounts that hold the "Log on as a service" right, and a list of accounts that hold the "Debug programs" right, on the TESTPC system.
  .PARAMETER Right
  Name of the right to query. More than one right may be listed.
 
  Possible values:
    SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege Access Credential Manager as a trusted caller
    SeNetworkLogonRight Access this computer from the network
    SeTcbPrivilege Act as part of the operating system
    SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add workstations to domain
    SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege Adjust memory quotas for a process
    SeInteractiveLogonRight Allow log on locally
    SeRemoteInteractiveLogonRight Allow log on through Remote Desktop Services
    SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories
    SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking
    SeSystemtimePrivilege Change the system time
    SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone
    SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Create a pagefile
    SeCreateTokenPrivilege Create a token object
    SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Create global objects
    SeCreatePermanentPrivilege Create permanent shared objects
    SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Create symbolic links
    SeDebugPrivilege Debug programs
    SeDenyNetworkLogonRight Deny access this computer from the network
    SeDenyBatchLogonRight Deny log on as a batch job
    SeDenyServiceLogonRight Deny log on as a service
    SeDenyInteractiveLogonRight Deny log on locally
    SeDenyRemoteInteractiveLogonRight Deny log on through Remote Desktop Services
    SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Enable computer and user accounts to be trusted for delegation
    SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege Force shutdown from a remote system
    SeAuditPrivilege Generate security audits
    SeImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate a client after authentication
    SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set
    SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Increase scheduling priority
    SeLoadDriverPrivilege Load and unload device drivers
    SeLockMemoryPrivilege Lock pages in memory
    SeBatchLogonRight Log on as a batch job
    SeServiceLogonRight Log on as a service
    SeSecurityPrivilege Manage auditing and security log
    SeRelabelPrivilege Modify an object label
    SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Modify firmware environment values
    SeManageVolumePrivilege Perform volume maintenance tasks
    SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Profile single process
    SeSystemProfilePrivilege Profile system performance
    SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege "Read unsolicited input from a terminal device"
    SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking station
    SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege Replace a process level token
    SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories
    SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system
    SeSyncAgentPrivilege Synchronize directory service data
    SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Take ownership of files or other objects
  .PARAMETER Computer
  Specifies the name of the computer on which to run this cmdlet. If the input for this parameter is omitted, then the cmdlet runs on the local computer.
  .INPUTS
  PS_LSA.Rights Right
  String Computer
  .OUTPUTS
  String Account
  String Right
  .LINK
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms721792.aspx
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb530716.aspx
  #>
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true)]
        [Alias('Privilege')] [PS_LSA.Rights[]] $Right,
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, HelpMessage="Computer name")]
        [Alias('System','ComputerName','Host')][String] $Computer
    )
    process {
        $lsa = New-Object PS_LSA.LsaWrapper($Computer)
        foreach ($Priv in $Right) {
            $output = @{'Account'=$lsa.EnumerateAccountsWithUserRight($Priv); 'Right'=$Priv; }
            Write-Output (New-Object -Typename PSObject -Prop $output)
        }
    }
}