public/Network/Convert-IPCalc.ps1
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Function Convert-IPCalc { <# .SYNOPSIS Convert-IPCalc calculates the IP subnet information based upon the entered IP address and subnet. .COMPONENT Network .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc 10.10.100.5/24 .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc -IPAddress 10.100.100.1 -NetMask 255.255.255.0 .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc 192.168.0.1/24 -IncludeBinaryOutput .EXAMPLE Convert-IPCalc 192.168.0.1/24 -IncludeHostList .NOTES Inspired by Jason Wasser #> [CmdletBinding()] param ( # Enter the IP address by itself or with CIDR notation. [Parameter(Mandatory=$True,Position=1)][string]$IPAddress, # Enter the subnet mask information in dotted decimal form. [Parameter(Mandatory=$False,Position=2)][string]$Netmask, # Include the binary format of the subnet information. [switch]$IncludeBinaryOutput, # Include List of all hosts. [switch]$IncludeHostList ) process { # Function to convert IP address string to binary: "1.2.3.4" => "00000001000000100000001100000100" function toBinary ($dottedDecimal) { $dottedDecimal.split(".") | ForEach-Object { $binary += $([convert]::toString($_,2).padleft(8,"0")) } return $binary } # Function to convert binary IP address to dotted decimal string: "00000001000000100000001100000100" => "1.2.3.4" function toDottedDecimal ($binary) { do { $dottedDecimal += ".$([string]$([convert]::toInt32($binary.substring($i,8),2)))"; $i+=8 } while ($i -le 24) return $dottedDecimal.substring(1) } # Function to convert CIDR format to binary: 24 => "11111111111111111111111100000000" function CidrToBin ($cidr) { if($cidr -le 32) { [Int[]]$array = (1..32) for ($i=0;$i -lt $array.length;$i++) { if($array[$i] -gt $cidr) {$array[$i]="0"} else {$array[$i]="1"} } } return $array -join "" } # Function to convert network mask to wildcard format: "11111111111111111111111100000000" => 00000000000000000000000011111111 function NetMasktoWildcard ($wildcard) { foreach ($bit in [char[]]$wildcard) { if ($bit -eq "1") { $wildcardmask += "0" } elseif ($bit -eq "0") { $wildcardmask += "1" } } return $wildcardmask } # Check to see if the IP Address was entered in CIDR format. if ($IPAddress -like "*/*") { $CIDRIPAddress = $IPAddress $IPAddress = $CIDRIPAddress.Split("/")[0] $cidr = [convert]::ToInt32($CIDRIPAddress.Split("/")[1]) if ($cidr -in 1..32 ) { $ipBinary = toBinary $IPAddress Write-Verbose $ipBinary $smBinary = CidrToBin($cidr) Write-Verbose $smBinary $Netmask = toDottedDecimal($smBinary) $wildcardbinary = NetMasktoWildcard ($smBinary) } else { throw "Subnet Mask is invalid!" } } else { # Address was not entered in CIDR format. if (!$Netmask) { throw 'Subnet Mask is missing!' } $ipBinary = toBinary $IPAddress if ($Netmask -eq "0.0.0.0") { throw "Subnet Mask is invalid!" } else { $smBinary = toBinary $Netmask $wildcardbinary = NetMasktoWildcard ($smBinary) } } $netBits = $smBinary.indexOf("0") # First determine the location of the first zero in the subnet mask in binary (if any) # If there is a 0 found then the subnet mask is less than 32 (CIDR). if ($netBits -ne -1) { $cidr = $netBits if (($smBinary.length -ne 32) -or ($smBinary.substring($netBits).contains("1"))) { throw "Subnet Mask is invalid!" } # Validate the subnet mask if ($ipBinary.length -ne 32) { throw "IP Address is invalid!" } # Validate the IP address #identify subnet boundaries $networkIDbinary = $ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(32,"0") $networkID = toDottedDecimal $networkIDbinary $firstAddressBinary = $($ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(31,"0") + "1") $firstAddress = toDottedDecimal $firstAddressBinary $lastAddressBinary = $($ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(31,"1") + "0") $lastAddress = toDottedDecimal $lastAddressBinary $broadCastbinary = $ipBinary.substring(0,$netBits).padright(32,"1") $broadCast = toDottedDecimal $broadCastbinary $wildcard = toDottedDecimal $wildcardbinary $Hostspernet = ([convert]::ToInt32($broadCastbinary,2) - [convert]::ToInt32($networkIDbinary,2)) - 1 } else { # Subnet mask is 32 (CIDR) if($ipBinary.length -ne 32) { throw "IP Address is invalid!" } # Validate the IP address #identify subnet boundaries $networkID = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $networkIDbinary = $ipBinary $firstAddress = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $firstAddressBinary = $ipBinary $lastAddress = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $lastAddressBinary = $ipBinary $broadCast = toDottedDecimal $ipBinary $broadCastbinary = $ipBinary $wildcard = toDottedDecimal $wildcardbinary $Hostspernet = 1 $cidr = 32 } # Output custom object with or without binary information. $Output = [PSCustomObject]@{ Address = $IPAddress Netmask = $Netmask Wildcard = $wildcard Network = "$networkID/$cidr" Broadcast = $broadCast HostMin = $firstAddress HostMax = $lastAddress 'Hosts/Net' = $Hostspernet } if ($IncludeBinaryOutput) { $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'AddressBinary' -Value $ipBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'NetmaskBinary' -Value $smBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'WildcardBinary' -Value $wildcardbinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'NetworkBinary' -Value $networkIDbinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'HostMinBinary' -Value $firstAddressBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'HostMaxBinary' -Value $lastAddressBinary $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'BroadcastBinary' -Value $broadCastbinary } if ($IncludeHostList) { $hostList = New-Object System.Collections.Generic.List[System.Object] # @() for ($ip = [Convert]::ToInt64($firstAddressBinary, 2); $ip -le [Convert]::ToInt64($lastAddressBinary, 2); $ip++) { $hostList.Add((toDottedDecimal ([Convert]::ToString($ip,2)).padleft(32,"0"))) } $Output | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name 'HostList' -Value $hostList } $Output } } |