Invoke-Sqlcmd2.ps1
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function Invoke-Sqlcmd2 { <# .SYNOPSIS Runs a T-SQL script. .DESCRIPTION Runs a T-SQL script. Invoke-Sqlcmd2 runs the whole scipt and only captures the first selected result set, such as the output of PRINT statements when -verbose parameter is specified. Paramaterized queries are supported. Help details below borrowed from Invoke-Sqlcmd .PARAMETER ServerInstance One or more ServerInstances to query. For default instances, only specify the computer name: "MyComputer". For named instances, use the format "ComputerName\InstanceName". .PARAMETER Database A character string specifying the name of a database. Invoke-Sqlcmd2 connects to this database in the instance that is specified in -ServerInstance. If a SQLConnection is provided, we explicitly switch to this database .PARAMETER Query Specifies one or more queries to be run. The queries can be Transact-SQL (? or XQuery statements, or sqlcmd commands. Multiple queries separated by a semicolon can be specified. Do not specify the sqlcmd GO separator. Escape any double quotation marks included in the string ?). Consider using bracketed identifiers such as [MyTable] instead of quoted identifiers such as "MyTable". .PARAMETER InputFile Specifies a file to be used as the query input to Invoke-Sqlcmd2. The file can contain Transact-SQL statements, (? XQuery statements, and sqlcmd commands and scripting variables ?). Specify the full path to the file. .PARAMETER Credential Specifies A PSCredential for SQL Server Authentication connection to an instance of the Database Engine. If -Credential is not specified, Invoke-Sqlcmd attempts a Windows Authentication connection using the Windows account running the PowerShell session. SECURITY NOTE: If you use the -Debug switch, the connectionstring including plain text password will be sent to the debug stream. .PARAMETER Encrypt If specified, will request that the connection to the SQL is done over SSL. This requires that the SQL Server has been set up to accept SSL requests. For information regarding setting up SSL on SQL Server, visit this link: https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189067(v=sql.105).aspx .PARAMETER QueryTimeout Specifies the number of seconds before the queries time out. .PARAMETER ConnectionTimeout Specifies the number of seconds when Invoke-Sqlcmd2 times out if it cannot successfully connect to an instance of the Database Engine. The timeout value must be an integer between 0 and 65534. If 0 is specified, connection attempts do not time out. .PARAMETER As Specifies output type - DataSet, DataTable, array of DataRow, PSObject or Single Value PSObject output introduces overhead but adds flexibility for working with results: http://powershell.org/wp/forums/topic/dealing-with-dbnull/ .PARAMETER SqlParameters Hashtable of parameters for parameterized SQL queries. http://blog.codinghorror.com/give-me-parameterized-sql-or-give-me-death/ Example: -Query "SELECT ServerName FROM tblServerInfo WHERE ServerName LIKE @ServerName" -SqlParameters @{"ServerName = "c-is-hyperv-1"} .PARAMETER AppendServerInstance If specified, append the server instance to PSObject and DataRow output .PARAMETER SQLConnection If specified, use an existing SQLConnection. We attempt to open this connection if it is closed .INPUTS None You cannot pipe objects to Invoke-Sqlcmd2 .OUTPUTS As PSObject: System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject As DataRow: System.Data.DataRow As DataTable: System.Data.DataTable As DataSet: System.Data.DataTableCollectionSystem.Data.DataSet As SingleValue: Dependent on data type in first column. .EXAMPLE Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -ServerInstance "MyComputer\MyInstance" -Query "SELECT login_time AS 'StartTime' FROM sysprocesses WHERE spid = 1" This example connects to a named instance of the Database Engine on a computer and runs a basic T-SQL query. StartTime ----------- 2010-08-12 21:21:03.593 .EXAMPLE Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -ServerInstance "MyComputer\MyInstance" -InputFile "C:\MyFolder\tsqlscript.sql" | Out-File -filePath "C:\MyFolder\tsqlscript.rpt" This example reads a file containing T-SQL statements, runs the file, and writes the output to another file. .EXAMPLE Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -ServerInstance "MyComputer\MyInstance" -Query "PRINT 'hello world'" -Verbose This example uses the PowerShell -Verbose parameter to return the message output of the PRINT command. VERBOSE: hello world .EXAMPLE Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -ServerInstance MyServer\MyInstance -Query "SELECT ServerName, VCNumCPU FROM tblServerInfo" -as PSObject | ?{$_.VCNumCPU -gt 8} Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -ServerInstance MyServer\MyInstance -Query "SELECT ServerName, VCNumCPU FROM tblServerInfo" -as PSObject | ?{$_.VCNumCPU} This example uses the PSObject output type to allow more flexibility when working with results. If we used DataRow rather than PSObject, we would see the following behavior: Each row where VCNumCPU does not exist would produce an error in the first example Results would include rows where VCNumCPU has DBNull value in the second example .EXAMPLE 'Instance1', 'Server1/Instance1', 'Server2' | Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -query "Sp_databases" -as psobject -AppendServerInstance This example lists databases for each instance. It includes a column for the ServerInstance in question. DATABASE_NAME DATABASE_SIZE REMARKS ServerInstance ------------- ------------- ------- -------------- REDACTED 88320 Instance1 master 17920 Instance1 ... msdb 618112 Server1/Instance1 tempdb 563200 Server1/Instance1 ... OperationsManager 20480000 Server2 .EXAMPLE #Construct a query using SQL parameters $Query = "SELECT ServerName, VCServerClass, VCServerContact FROM tblServerInfo WHERE VCServerContact LIKE @VCServerContact AND VCServerClass LIKE @VCServerClass" #Run the query, specifying values for SQL parameters Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -ServerInstance SomeServer\NamedInstance -Database ServerDB -query $query -SqlParameters @{ VCServerContact="%cookiemonster%"; VCServerClass="Prod" } ServerName VCServerClass VCServerContact ---------- ------------- --------------- SomeServer1 Prod cookiemonster, blah SomeServer2 Prod cookiemonster SomeServer3 Prod blah, cookiemonster .EXAMPLE Invoke-Sqlcmd2 -SQLConnection $Conn -Query "SELECT login_time AS 'StartTime' FROM sysprocesses WHERE spid = 1" This example uses an existing SQLConnection and runs a basic T-SQL query against it StartTime ----------- 2010-08-12 21:21:03.593 .NOTES Version History poshcode.org - http://poshcode.org/4967 v1.0 - Chad Miller - Initial release v1.1 - Chad Miller - Fixed Issue with connection closing v1.2 - Chad Miller - Added inputfile, SQL auth support, connectiontimeout and output message handling. Updated help documentation v1.3 - Chad Miller - Added As parameter to control DataSet, DataTable or array of DataRow Output type v1.4 - Justin Dearing <zippy1981 _at_ gmail.com> - Added the ability to pass parameters to the query. v1.4.1 - Paul Bryson <atamido _at_ gmail.com> - Added fix to check for null values in parameterized queries and replace with [DBNull] v1.5 - Joel Bennett - add SingleValue output option v1.5.1 - RamblingCookieMonster - Added ParameterSets, set Query and InputFile to mandatory v1.5.2 - RamblingCookieMonster - Added DBNullToNull switch and code from Dave Wyatt. Added parameters to comment based help (need someone with SQL expertise to verify these) github.com - https://github.com/RamblingCookieMonster/PowerShell v1.5.3 - RamblingCookieMonster - Replaced DBNullToNull param with PSObject Output option. Added credential support. Added pipeline support for ServerInstance. Added to GitHub - Added AppendServerInstance switch. - Updated OutputType attribute, comment based help, parameter attributes (thanks supersobbie), removed username/password params - Added help for sqlparameter parameter. - Added ErrorAction SilentlyContinue handling to Fill method v1.6.0 - Added SQLConnection parameter and handling. Is there a more efficient way to handle the parameter sets? - Fixed SQLConnection handling so that it is not closed (we now only close connections we create) v1.6.1 - Shiyang Qiu - Fixed the verbose option and SQL error handling conflict v1.6.2 - Shiyang Qiu - Fixed the .DESCRIPTION. - Fixed the non SQL error handling and added Finally Block to close connection. .LINK https://github.com/RamblingCookieMonster/PowerShell .LINK New-SQLConnection .LINK Invoke-SQLBulkCopy .LINK Out-DataTable .FUNCTIONALITY SQL #> [CmdletBinding( DefaultParameterSetName='Ins-Que' )] [OutputType([System.Management.Automation.PSCustomObject],[System.Data.DataRow],[System.Data.DataTable],[System.Data.DataTableCollection],[System.Data.DataSet])] param( [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Que', Position=0, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false, HelpMessage='SQL Server Instance required...' )] [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Fil', Position=0, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipeline=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false, HelpMessage='SQL Server Instance required...' )] [Alias( 'Instance', 'Instances', 'ComputerName', 'Server', 'Servers' )] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string[]] $ServerInstance, [Parameter( Position=1, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false)] [string] $Database, [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Que', Position=2, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Con-Que', Position=2, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [string] $Query, [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Fil', Position=2, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Con-Fil', Position=2, Mandatory=$true, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [ValidateScript({ Test-Path $_ })] [string] $InputFile, [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Que', Position=3, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false)] [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Fil', Position=3, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false)] [System.Management.Automation.PSCredential] $Credential, [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Que', Position=4, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false)] [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Fil', Position=4, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false)] [switch] $Encrypt, [Parameter( Position=5, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Int32] $QueryTimeout=600, [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Fil', Position=6, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Parameter( ParameterSetName='Ins-Que', Position=6, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Int32] $ConnectionTimeout=15, [Parameter( Position=7, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [ValidateSet("DataSet", "DataTable", "DataRow","PSObject","SingleValue")] [string] $As="DataRow", [Parameter( Position=8, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [System.Collections.IDictionary] $SqlParameters, [Parameter( Position=9, Mandatory=$false )] [switch] $AppendServerInstance, [Parameter( ParameterSetName = 'Con-Que', Position=10, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipeline=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$false, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Parameter( ParameterSetName = 'Con-Fil', Position=10, Mandatory=$false, ValueFromPipeline=$false, ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$false, ValueFromRemainingArguments=$false )] [Alias( 'Connection', 'Conn' )] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [System.Data.SqlClient.SQLConnection] $SQLConnection ) Begin { if ($InputFile) { $filePath = $(Resolve-Path $InputFile).path $Query = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllText("$filePath") } Write-Verbose "Running Invoke-Sqlcmd2 with ParameterSet '$($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName)'. Performing query '$Query'" If($As -eq "PSObject") { #This code scrubs DBNulls. Props to Dave Wyatt $cSharp = @' using System; using System.Data; using System.Management.Automation; public class DBNullScrubber { public static PSObject DataRowToPSObject(DataRow row) { PSObject psObject = new PSObject(); if (row != null && (row.RowState & DataRowState.Detached) != DataRowState.Detached) { foreach (DataColumn column in row.Table.Columns) { Object value = null; if (!row.IsNull(column)) { value = row[column]; } psObject.Properties.Add(new PSNoteProperty(column.ColumnName, value)); } } return psObject; } } '@ Try { Add-Type -TypeDefinition $cSharp -ReferencedAssemblies 'System.Data','System.Xml' -ErrorAction stop } Catch { If(-not $_.ToString() -like "*The type name 'DBNullScrubber' already exists*") { Write-Warning "Could not load DBNullScrubber. Defaulting to DataRow output: $_" $As = "Datarow" } } } #Handle existing connections if($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('SQLConnection')) { if($SQLConnection.State -notlike "Open") { Try { Write-Verbose "Opening connection from '$($SQLConnection.State)' state" $SQLConnection.Open() } Catch { Throw $_ } } if($Database -and $SQLConnection.Database -notlike $Database) { Try { Write-Verbose "Changing SQLConnection database from '$($SQLConnection.Database)' to $Database" $SQLConnection.ChangeDatabase($Database) } Catch { Throw "Could not change Connection database '$($SQLConnection.Database)' to $Database`: $_" } } if($SQLConnection.state -like "Open") { $ServerInstance = @($SQLConnection.DataSource) } else { Throw "SQLConnection is not open" } } } Process { foreach($SQLInstance in $ServerInstance) { Write-Verbose "Querying ServerInstance '$SQLInstance'" if($PSBoundParameters.Keys -contains "SQLConnection") { $Conn = $SQLConnection } else { if ($Credential) { $ConnectionString = "Server={0};Database={1};User ID={2};Password=`"{3}`";Trusted_Connection=False;Connect Timeout={4};Encrypt={5}" -f $SQLInstance,$Database,$Credential.UserName,$Credential.GetNetworkCredential().Password,$ConnectionTimeout,$Encrypt } else { $ConnectionString = "Server={0};Database={1};Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout={2};Encrypt={3}" -f $SQLInstance,$Database,$ConnectionTimeout,$Encrypt } $conn = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SQLConnection $conn.ConnectionString = $ConnectionString Write-Debug "ConnectionString $ConnectionString" Try { $conn.Open() } Catch { Write-Error $_ continue } } #Following EventHandler is used for PRINT and RAISERROR T-SQL statements. Executed when -Verbose parameter specified by caller if ($PSBoundParameters.Verbose) { $conn.FireInfoMessageEventOnUserErrors=$false # Shiyang, $true will change the SQL exception to information $handler = [System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInfoMessageEventHandler] { Write-Verbose "$($_)" } $conn.add_InfoMessage($handler) } $cmd = New-Object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand($Query,$conn) $cmd.CommandTimeout=$QueryTimeout if ($SqlParameters -ne $null) { $SqlParameters.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object { If ($_.Value -ne $null) { $cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue($_.Key, $_.Value) } Else { $cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue($_.Key, [DBNull]::Value) } } > $null } $ds = New-Object system.Data.DataSet $da = New-Object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter($cmd) Try { [void]$da.fill($ds) } Catch [System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException] # For SQL exception { $Err = $_ Write-Verbose "Capture SQL Error" if ($PSBoundParameters.Verbose) {Write-Verbose "SQL Error: $Err"} #Shiyang, add the verbose output of exception switch ($ErrorActionPreference.tostring()) { {'SilentlyContinue','Ignore' -contains $_} {} 'Stop' { Throw $Err } 'Continue' { Throw $Err} Default { Throw $Err} } } Catch # For other exception { Write-Verbose "Capture Other Error" $Err = $_ if ($PSBoundParameters.Verbose) {Write-Verbose "Other Error: $Err"} switch ($ErrorActionPreference.tostring()) { {'SilentlyContinue','Ignore' -contains $_} {} 'Stop' { Throw $Err} 'Continue' { Throw $Err} Default { Throw $Err} } } Finally { #Close the connection if(-not $PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('SQLConnection')) { $conn.Close() } } if($AppendServerInstance) { #Basics from Chad Miller $Column = New-Object Data.DataColumn $Column.ColumnName = "ServerInstance" $ds.Tables[0].Columns.Add($Column) Foreach($row in $ds.Tables[0]) { $row.ServerInstance = $SQLInstance } } switch ($As) { 'DataSet' { $ds } 'DataTable' { $ds.Tables } 'DataRow' { $ds.Tables[0] } 'PSObject' { #Scrub DBNulls - Provides convenient results you can use comparisons with #Introduces overhead (e.g. ~2000 rows w/ ~80 columns went from .15 Seconds to .65 Seconds - depending on your data could be much more!) foreach ($row in $ds.Tables[0].Rows) { [DBNullScrubber]::DataRowToPSObject($row) } } 'SingleValue' { $ds.Tables[0] | Select-Object -ExpandProperty $ds.Tables[0].Columns[0].ColumnName } } } } } #Invoke-Sqlcmd2 |