Start-ScreenRecorder.ps1
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<#PSScriptInfo
.VERSION 0.3.0 .GUID d47eab76-de84-454d-aead-8b61ed3335eb .AUTHOR Yoshifumi Tsuda .COPYRIGHT Copyright (c) 2025 Yoshifumi Tsuda. MIT License. .TAGS Screen Capture Recording Debug Screenshot Clock .LICENSEURI https://github.com/yotsuda/ScreenRecorder/blob/master/LICENSE .PROJECTURI https://github.com/yotsuda/ScreenRecorder .DESCRIPTION Screen capture tool with clock overlay for debugging and log correlation. #> param( [switch]$Background, [int]$FPS = 2, [double]$Scale = 0.75, [int]$Quality = 75, [switch]$SaveMasked ) function Start-ScreenRecorder { <# .SYNOPSIS Starts a screen recorder with a clock overlay for debugging and log correlation. .DESCRIPTION Captures screenshots at regular intervals while displaying a large clock overlay. Designed for correlating screen captures with log timestamps during bug reproduction. Requires no external dependencies - uses only PowerShell and .NET. Can be run directly without module installation. .PARAMETER Background Runs the recorder in a hidden background process. .PARAMETER FPS Frames per second for capture. Default is 2. .PARAMETER Scale Scale factor for captured images (0.1 to 1.0). Default is 0.75. .PARAMETER SaveMasked Saves masked images (with clock area blacked out) for debugging. .EXAMPLE Start-ScreenRecorder Starts the recorder in background mode. .EXAMPLE Start-ScreenRecorder -FPS 10 -Scale 0.75 Starts with higher frame rate and larger output images. #> [CmdletBinding()] param( [Parameter(DontShow)] [switch]$Background, [int]$FPS = 2, [double]$Scale = 0.75, [int]$Quality = 75, [switch]$SaveMasked ) if (-not $Background) { $exe = (Get-Process -Id $PID).Path $scriptPath = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.ScriptBlock.File if (-not $scriptPath) { $scriptPath = $PSCommandPath } $procArgs = "-NoProfile -WindowStyle Hidden -File `"$scriptPath`" -Background -FPS $FPS -Scale $Scale -Quality $Quality" if ($SaveMasked) { $procArgs += " -SaveMasked" } Start-Process $exe -ArgumentList $procArgs -WindowStyle Hidden return } Add-Type -AssemblyName PresentationFramework,System.Windows.Forms,System.Drawing $drawingAsm = [System.Drawing.Bitmap].Assembly.Location $primAsm = [System.Drawing.Rectangle].Assembly.Location $winCoreAsm = [System.Drawing.Bitmap].Assembly.GetReferencedAssemblies() | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq 'System.Private.Windows.Core' } | ForEach-Object { [System.Reflection.Assembly]::Load($_).Location } Add-Type -TypeDefinition @" using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Drawing.Imaging; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; public class DisplayHelper { [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern bool EnumDisplaySettings(string deviceName, int modeNum, ref DEVMODE devMode); [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)] public struct DEVMODE { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public string dmDeviceName; public short dmSpecVersion, dmDriverVersion, dmSize, dmDriverExtra; public int dmFields, dmPositionX, dmPositionY, dmDisplayOrientation, dmDisplayFixedOutput; public short dmColor, dmDuplex, dmYResolution, dmTTOption, dmCollate; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public string dmFormName; public short dmLogPixels; public int dmBitsPerPel, dmPelsWidth, dmPelsHeight, dmDisplayFlags, dmDisplayFrequency; } public const int ENUM_CURRENT_SETTINGS = -1; [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct RECT { public int Left, Top, Right, Bottom; } [DllImport("dwmapi.dll")] public static extern int DwmGetWindowAttribute(IntPtr hWnd, int dwAttribute, out RECT pvAttribute, int cbAttribute); public const int DWMWA_EXTENDED_FRAME_BOUNDS = 9; // Get physical window rect using DWM (always returns physical pixels) public static RECT GetPhysicalWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd) { RECT rect; DwmGetWindowAttribute(hWnd, DWMWA_EXTENDED_FRAME_BOUNDS, out rect, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(RECT))); return rect; } // Fast FNV-1a hash for bitmap comparison public static long ComputeImageHash(Bitmap bmp, int exL, int exT, int exR, int exB) { var data = bmp.LockBits(new Rectangle(0, 0, bmp.Width, bmp.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb); try { long hash = unchecked((long)0xcbf29ce484222325); int stride = data.Stride; int width = bmp.Width; int height = bmp.Height; IntPtr scan0 = data.Scan0; for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { IntPtr row = IntPtr.Add(scan0, y * stride); if (y >= exT && y < exB) { for (int x = 0; x < exL; x++) { hash ^= Marshal.ReadInt32(row, x * 4); hash *= 0x100000001b3L; } for (int x = exR; x < width; x++) { hash ^= Marshal.ReadInt32(row, x * 4); hash *= 0x100000001b3L; } } else { for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { hash ^= Marshal.ReadInt32(row, x * 4); hash *= 0x100000001b3L; } } } return hash; } finally { bmp.UnlockBits(data); } } } public class BackgroundRecorder { private Task _task; private volatile bool _running; private int _intervalMs; private string _outDir; private bool _saveMasked; private double _scale; private IntPtr _windowHandle; private ImageCodecInfo _jpegCodec; private EncoderParameters _encoderParams; private Bitmap _captureBmp, _thumbBmp; private Graphics _captureG, _thumbG; private Rectangle _bounds; private int _thumbW, _thumbH; private long _prevHash; private int _saved; private string _lastError; // Multi-monitor support private Rectangle[] _monitorBounds; private Bitmap[] _monitorBmps; private Graphics[] _monitorGs; public int Saved { get { return _saved; } } public string LastError { get { return _lastError; } } public void Start(Rectangle bounds, Rectangle[] monitorBounds, int thumbW, int thumbH, int fps, int quality, string outDir, bool saveMasked, double scale, IntPtr windowHandle) { _bounds = bounds; _monitorBounds = monitorBounds; _thumbW = thumbW; _thumbH = thumbH; _intervalMs = 1000 / fps; _outDir = outDir; _saveMasked = saveMasked; _scale = scale; _windowHandle = windowHandle; _prevHash = 0; _saved = 0; _captureBmp = new Bitmap(bounds.Width, bounds.Height); _captureG = Graphics.FromImage(_captureBmp); _thumbBmp = new Bitmap(thumbW, thumbH); _thumbG = Graphics.FromImage(_thumbBmp); // Allocate per-monitor bitmaps for multi-monitor capture if (_monitorBounds != null && _monitorBounds.Length > 1) { _monitorBmps = new Bitmap[_monitorBounds.Length]; _monitorGs = new Graphics[_monitorBounds.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < _monitorBounds.Length; i++) { _monitorBmps[i] = new Bitmap(_monitorBounds[i].Width, _monitorBounds[i].Height); _monitorGs[i] = Graphics.FromImage(_monitorBmps[i]); } } _jpegCodec = null; foreach (var codec in ImageCodecInfo.GetImageEncoders()) { if (codec.MimeType == "image/jpeg") { _jpegCodec = codec; break; } } _encoderParams = new EncoderParameters(1); _encoderParams.Param[0] = new EncoderParameter(System.Drawing.Imaging.Encoder.Quality, (long)quality); _running = true; _task = Task.Run((Action)RecordLoop); } public void Stop() { _running = false; if (_task != null) { _task.Wait(2000); _task = null; } // Dispose per-monitor resources if (_monitorGs != null) { for (int i = 0; i < _monitorGs.Length; i++) { if (_monitorGs[i] != null) { _monitorGs[i].Dispose(); _monitorGs[i] = null; } } _monitorGs = null; } if (_monitorBmps != null) { for (int i = 0; i < _monitorBmps.Length; i++) { if (_monitorBmps[i] != null) { _monitorBmps[i].Dispose(); _monitorBmps[i] = null; } } _monitorBmps = null; } if (_thumbG != null) { _thumbG.Dispose(); _thumbG = null; } if (_thumbBmp != null) { _thumbBmp.Dispose(); _thumbBmp = null; } if (_captureG != null) { _captureG.Dispose(); _captureG = null; } if (_captureBmp != null) { _captureBmp.Dispose(); _captureBmp = null; } } private void RecordLoop() { DisplayHelper.RECT _prevRect = new DisplayHelper.RECT(); bool firstFrame = true; while (_running) { var start = DateTime.Now; try { // Get exclude rect BEFORE capture (more accurate timing) var rect = DisplayHelper.GetPhysicalWindowRect(_windowHandle); int exL = (int)((rect.Left - _bounds.Left) * _scale); int exT = (int)((rect.Top - _bounds.Top) * _scale); int exR = (int)((rect.Right - _bounds.Left) * _scale); int exB = (int)((rect.Bottom - _bounds.Top) * _scale); // Skip if window is moving (rect changed since last frame) bool isMoving = !firstFrame && (rect.Left != _prevRect.Left || rect.Top != _prevRect.Top || rect.Right != _prevRect.Right || rect.Bottom != _prevRect.Bottom); _prevRect = rect; firstFrame = false; if (isMoving) { // Skip this frame - window is moving var skipElapsed = (int)(DateTime.Now - start).TotalMilliseconds; int skipSleep = _intervalMs - skipElapsed; if (skipSleep > 0) Task.Delay(skipSleep).Wait(); continue; } // Capture screen if (_monitorBounds == null || _monitorBounds.Length == 1) { _captureG.CopyFromScreen(_bounds.Location, Point.Empty, _bounds.Size); } else { _captureG.Clear(Color.Black); for (int i = 0; i < _monitorBounds.Length; i++) { var b = _monitorBounds[i]; _monitorGs[i].CopyFromScreen(b.Location, Point.Empty, b.Size); int relX = b.Left - _bounds.Left; int relY = b.Top - _bounds.Top; _captureG.DrawImage(_monitorBmps[i], relX, relY); } } _thumbG.DrawImage(_captureBmp, 0, 0, _thumbW, _thumbH); long hash = DisplayHelper.ComputeImageHash(_thumbBmp, exL, exT, exR, exB); if (hash != _prevHash) { string filename = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss_ff"); _thumbBmp.Save(System.IO.Path.Combine(_outDir, filename + ".jpg"), _jpegCodec, _encoderParams); if (_saveMasked) { using (var maskedBmp = new Bitmap(_thumbBmp)) using (var g = Graphics.FromImage(maskedBmp)) { g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Black, exL, exT, exR - exL, exB - exT); maskedBmp.Save(System.IO.Path.Combine(_outDir, filename + "_masked.jpg"), _jpegCodec, _encoderParams); } } _saved++; _prevHash = hash; } } catch (Exception ex) { _lastError = ex.ToString(); } var elapsed = (int)(DateTime.Now - start).TotalMilliseconds; int sleep = _intervalMs - elapsed; if (sleep > 0) Task.Delay(sleep).Wait(); } } } "@ -ReferencedAssemblies (@($drawingAsm,$primAsm) + @($winCoreAsm | Where-Object { $_ })) [xml]$xaml = @" <Window xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" Topmost="True" AllowsTransparency="True" WindowStyle="None" Background="Transparent" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight" Left="20" Top="20"> <Window.ContextMenu> <ContextMenu> <MenuItem Name="MenuExit"> <MenuItem.Header> <TextBlock>E<Underline>x</Underline>it</TextBlock> </MenuItem.Header> </MenuItem> </ContextMenu> </Window.ContextMenu> <Border Name="MainBorder" Background="#AA000000" CornerRadius="8" Padding="10,6"> <StackPanel> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center"> <TextBlock Name="Clock" Foreground="White" FontSize="32" FontFamily="Consolas" VerticalAlignment="Center"/> <Button Name="BtnToggle" Content="● REC" Width="45" Height="22" FontSize="11" Margin="8,0,0,0" Background="#AA444444" Foreground="White" BorderThickness="0" Padding="0" VerticalAlignment="Center"/> <TextBlock Name="MonitorLabel" Foreground="White" FontSize="10" Margin="4,0,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" Cursor="Hand" Visibility="Collapsed"/> </StackPanel> </StackPanel> </Border> </Window> "@ $window = [Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load([System.Xml.XmlNodeReader]::new($xaml)) $clock = $window.FindName("Clock") $btnToggle = $window.FindName("BtnToggle") $mainBorder = $window.FindName("MainBorder") $script:monitorLabel = $window.FindName("MonitorLabel") $menuExit = $window.FindName("MenuExit") $menuExit.Add_Click({ $window.Close() }) $menuExit.Parent.Add_KeyDown({ param($s,$e) if ($e.Key -eq 'X') { $window.Close() } }) $window.Add_MouseLeftButtonDown({ $window.DragMove() }) $window.Add_Deactivated({ $window.Topmost = $true }) $window.Add_MouseWheel({ param($s,$e) $size = $clock.FontSize + ($e.Delta / 30) if ($size -ge 12 -and $size -le 200) { $clock.FontSize = $size $btnToggle.FontSize = $size * 0.35 $btnToggle.Width = $size * 1.4 $btnToggle.Height = $size * 0.7 $btnToggle.Margin = [System.Windows.Thickness]::new($size * 0.25, 0, 0, 0) $script:monitorLabel.FontSize = $size * 0.3 $script:monitorLabel.Margin = [System.Windows.Thickness]::new($size * 0.25, 0, 0, 0) $mainBorder.Padding = [System.Windows.Thickness]::new($size * 0.3, $size * 0.2, $size * 0.3, $size * 0.2) } }) # Monitor setup $script:screens = [System.Windows.Forms.Screen]::AllScreens $script:dpiScale = [System.Windows.Forms.SystemInformation]::VirtualScreen.Width / [System.Windows.SystemParameters]::VirtualScreenWidth function Get-PhysicalBounds($screen) { $dm = New-Object DisplayHelper+DEVMODE $dm.dmSize = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SizeOf($dm) [DisplayHelper]::EnumDisplaySettings($screen.DeviceName, [DisplayHelper]::ENUM_CURRENT_SETTINGS, [ref]$dm) | Out-Null [System.Drawing.Rectangle]::new($dm.dmPositionX, $dm.dmPositionY, $dm.dmPelsWidth, $dm.dmPelsHeight) } # Selected monitors (array of indices) $script:selectedMonitors = @([Array]::IndexOf($script:screens, [System.Windows.Forms.Screen]::PrimaryScreen)) function Update-MonitorLabel { if ($script:selectedMonitors.Count -eq 0) { $script:monitorLabel.Text = "None" } elseif ($script:selectedMonitors.Count -eq 1) { $idx = $script:selectedMonitors[0] $script:monitorLabel.Text = if ($script:screens[$idx].Primary) { "Mon $($idx+1)*" } else { "Mon $($idx+1)" } } else { $nums = ($script:selectedMonitors | Sort-Object | ForEach-Object { $_ + 1 }) -join '+' $script:monitorLabel.Text = "Mon $nums" } } function Update-CaptureRegion { if ($script:selectedMonitors.Count -eq 0) { return } # Calculate bounding rectangle of all selected monitors $minX = [int]::MaxValue; $minY = [int]::MaxValue $maxX = [int]::MinValue; $maxY = [int]::MinValue foreach ($idx in $script:selectedMonitors) { $b = Get-PhysicalBounds $script:screens[$idx] if ($b.Left -lt $minX) { $minX = $b.Left } if ($b.Top -lt $minY) { $minY = $b.Top } if ($b.Right -gt $maxX) { $maxX = $b.Right } if ($b.Bottom -gt $maxY) { $maxY = $b.Bottom } } $script:bounds = [System.Drawing.Rectangle]::new($minX, $minY, $maxX - $minX, $maxY - $minY) $script:w = [int]($script:bounds.Width * $Scale) $script:h = [int]($script:bounds.Height * $Scale) } function Show-MonitorOverlay { $overlays = @() for ($i = 0; $i -lt $script:screens.Count; $i++) { $scr = $script:screens[$i] $isSelected = $script:selectedMonitors -contains $i $wpfLeft = $scr.Bounds.Left / $script:dpiScale $wpfTop = $scr.Bounds.Top / $script:dpiScale $wpfWidth = $scr.Bounds.Width / $script:dpiScale $wpfHeight = $scr.Bounds.Height / $script:dpiScale [xml]$overlayXaml = @" <Window xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" WindowStyle="None" AllowsTransparency="True" Topmost="True" Background="$( if ($isSelected) { '#88004488' } else { '#88000000' } )" Left="$wpfLeft" Top="$wpfTop" Width="$wpfWidth" Height="$wpfHeight"> <Grid> <TextBlock Text="$($i+1)" FontSize="300" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="$( if ($isSelected) { '#AAFFFFFF' } else { '#44FFFFFF' } )" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/> </Grid> </Window> "@ $overlay = [Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load([System.Xml.XmlNodeReader]::new($overlayXaml)) $overlay.Add_MouseLeftButtonDown({ param($s,$e) $s.Close() }) $overlay.Show() $overlays += $overlay } # Auto close after 1.5 seconds $timer = [System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherTimer]::new() $timer.Interval = [TimeSpan]::FromMilliseconds(1500) $timer.Add_Tick({ $timer.Stop() foreach ($o in $overlays) { if ($o.IsVisible) { $o.Close() } } }.GetNewClosure()) $timer.Start() } if ($script:screens.Count -gt 1) { $script:monitorLabel.Visibility = "Visible" Update-MonitorLabel # Create context menu with checkboxes $script:monitorMenu = [System.Windows.Controls.ContextMenu]::new() $script:monitorMenu.StaysOpen = $true for ($i = 0; $i -lt $script:screens.Count; $i++) { $menuItem = [System.Windows.Controls.MenuItem]::new() $menuItem.Header = if ($script:screens[$i].Primary) { "Mon $($i+1)*" } else { "Mon $($i+1)" } $menuItem.IsCheckable = $true $menuItem.IsChecked = $script:selectedMonitors -contains $i $menuItem.Tag = $i $menuItem.StaysOpenOnClick = $true $menuItem.Add_Click({ param($sender, $e) $idx = $sender.Tag if ($sender.IsChecked) { if ($script:selectedMonitors -notcontains $idx) { $script:selectedMonitors += $idx } } else { # Prevent unchecking the last one if ($script:selectedMonitors.Count -le 1) { $sender.IsChecked = $true return } $script:selectedMonitors = @($script:selectedMonitors | Where-Object { $_ -ne $idx }) } Update-MonitorLabel Update-CaptureRegion Show-MonitorOverlay }) $script:monitorMenu.Items.Add($menuItem) | Out-Null } $script:monitorLabel.ContextMenu = $script:monitorMenu $script:monitorLabel.Add_MouseLeftButtonDown({ $script:monitorMenu.PlacementTarget = $script:monitorLabel $script:monitorMenu.IsOpen = $true }) } $script:recording = $false $script:outDir = $null Update-CaptureRegion # Background recorder instance $script:recorder = [BackgroundRecorder]::new() # Get window handle for physical coordinate calculation $windowHelper = [System.Windows.Interop.WindowInteropHelper]::new($window) $btnToggle.Add_Click({ if (-not $script:recording) { # Check if current directory is a system folder $blocked = @($env:SystemRoot, "$env:SystemRoot\System32", $env:ProgramFiles, ${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}) if ((Get-Location).Path -in $blocked) { [System.Windows.MessageBox]::Show("Cannot record in system folder. Please change to a working directory.", "Warning", "OK", "Warning") return } # Start recording $script:outDir = ".\ScreenCaptures\$(Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd_HHmmss')" New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:outDir -Force | Out-Null # Build monitor bounds array $monitorBoundsArray = @() foreach ($idx in $script:selectedMonitors) { $monitorBoundsArray += Get-PhysicalBounds $script:screens[$idx] } $script:recorder.Start($script:bounds, [System.Drawing.Rectangle[]]$monitorBoundsArray, $script:w, $script:h, $FPS, $Quality, (Resolve-Path $script:outDir).Path, $SaveMasked, $Scale, $windowHelper.Handle) $script:recording = $true $btnToggle.Content = "■ STOP" $btnToggle.Foreground = [System.Windows.Media.Brushes]::Red $script:monitorLabel.IsHitTestVisible = $false; $script:monitorLabel.Opacity = 0.5 } else { # Stop recording $script:recorder.Stop() $script:recording = $false $script:monitorLabel.IsHitTestVisible = $true; $script:monitorLabel.Opacity = 1.0 $btnToggle.Content = "● REC" $btnToggle.Foreground = [System.Windows.Media.Brushes]::White Start-Process explorer $script:outDir } }) $clockTimer = New-Object System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherTimer $clockTimer.Interval = [TimeSpan]::FromMilliseconds(100) $clockTimer.Add_Tick({ $clock.Text = (Get-Date).ToString("HH:mm:ss.f") }) $clockTimer.Start() $window.Add_Closed({ $clockTimer.Stop(); if ($script:recording) { $script:recorder.Stop(); Start-Process explorer $script:outDir } }) $window.ShowDialog() } # Run only when invoked directly (not dot-sourced or imported as module) if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -notin '.', '') { Start-ScreenRecorder @PSBoundParameters } |